F Nucci1, S A Nouér2, D Capone3, M Nucci4. 1. Haematology Service, University Hospital, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niteroi, Brazil. 2. Department of Preventive Medicine, University Hospital, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 3. Radiology Service, University Hospital, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. 4. Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: mnucci@hucff.ufrj.br.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To compare the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of haematologic patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA) or invasive fusariosis (IF). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 36 patients with IA and 26 with IF diagnosed between 2006 and 2017 in haematologic patients, and compared baseline characteristics, coexisting exposures, clinical manifestations, treatment, and the outcome. RESULTS: Fever was more frequent in IF (96.2% vs. 63.9%, p 0.003), whereas pneumonia (88.9% vs. 50.0%, p 0.001) and sinusitis (63.9% vs. 38.5%, p 0.048) were more frequent in IA. Skin lesions and positive blood cultures occurred exclusively in patients with IF. Among patients with pneumonia, the halo sign was more frequent in IA (62.5% vs. 23.1%, p 0.02). Serum galactomannan was positive in 88.6% of patients with IA and in 73.3% with IF (p 0.18), with no differences in the median number of positive tests and galactomannan values. Positive serum galactomannan plus lung infiltrates was the predominant clinical presentation in IA and occurred in four of 13 patients with IF and lung involvement. The 30-day survival was 77.7% in IA and 46.1% in IF (p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: IA and IF share the same epidemiologic scenario but different clinical presentations in the majority of cases, with disease in the airways in IA, and fever, metastatic skin lesions, and positive blood cultures in IF. However, a substantial proportion of patients with IF present with a clinical picture similar to IA, with fever, lung infiltrates, and positive serum galactomannan.
OBJECTIVES: To compare the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of haematologic patients with invasive aspergillosis (IA) or invasive fusariosis (IF). METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the charts of 36 patients with IA and 26 with IF diagnosed between 2006 and 2017 in haematologic patients, and compared baseline characteristics, coexisting exposures, clinical manifestations, treatment, and the outcome. RESULTS:Fever was more frequent in IF (96.2% vs. 63.9%, p 0.003), whereas pneumonia (88.9% vs. 50.0%, p 0.001) and sinusitis (63.9% vs. 38.5%, p 0.048) were more frequent in IA. Skin lesions and positive blood cultures occurred exclusively in patients with IF. Among patients with pneumonia, the halo sign was more frequent in IA (62.5% vs. 23.1%, p 0.02). Serum galactomannan was positive in 88.6% of patients with IA and in 73.3% with IF (p 0.18), with no differences in the median number of positive tests and galactomannan values. Positive serum galactomannan plus lung infiltrates was the predominant clinical presentation in IA and occurred in four of 13 patients with IF and lung involvement. The 30-day survival was 77.7% in IA and 46.1% in IF (p 0.01). CONCLUSIONS:IA and IF share the same epidemiologic scenario but different clinical presentations in the majority of cases, with disease in the airways in IA, and fever, metastatic skin lesions, and positive blood cultures in IF. However, a substantial proportion of patients with IF present with a clinical picture similar to IA, with fever, lung infiltrates, and positive serum galactomannan.
Authors: Sean X Zhang; N Esther Babady; Kimberly E Hanson; Amanda T Harrington; Paige M K Larkin; Sixto M Leal; Paul M Luethy; Isabella W Martin; Preeti Pancholi; Gary W Procop; Stefan Riedel; Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi; Kaede V Sullivan; Thomas J Walsh; Shawn R Lockhart Journal: J Clin Microbiol Date: 2021-06-18 Impact factor: 5.948