Shichao Yue1, Junling Wu2, Qiang Zhang3, Ke Zhang4, Michael D Weir5, Satoshi Imazato6, Yuxing Bai7, Hockin H K Xu8. 1. Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. 2. Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shandong University, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, 250012, China. Electronic address: doctorwujunling@163.com. 3. Oral Implantology Center, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, 250001, China. 4. Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. Electronic address: tuzizhangke@163.com. 5. Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. 6. Department of Biomaterials Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan. 7. Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: byuxing@ccmu.edu.cn. 8. Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland Dental School, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Center for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Secondary caries at the tooth-restoration margins is a primary reason for restoration failure. Cracks at the margins lead to leakage which can trap bacteria, producing acids to cause caries. To date, there has been no report on developing an adhesive resin that has self-healing, antibacterial and remineralizing capabilities. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop the first self-healing adhesive with antimicrobial and remineralizing capabilities, and (2) investigate the effects of incorporating microcapsules, dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) for the first time. METHODS: Self-healing microcapsules were synthesized with poly(urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) shells containing triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as the healing liquid. The new adhesive contained 7.5% microcapsules, 10% DMAHDM and 20% NACP. A single edge V-notched beam (SEVNB) method was used to measure the fracture toughness KIC and the autonomous crack-healing efficiency. An oral plaque microcosm biofilm model was tested. RESULTS: The new self-healing, antimicrobial and remineralizing dental adhesive matched the dentin bond strength of a commercial control (p > 0.1). The new adhesive achieved successful crack-healing, with an excellent KIC recovery of 67%. The new adhesive had strong antimicrobial activity, reducing biofilm colony-forming units by four orders of magnitude, and reducing biofilm acid production to 1/100th that of biofilms on the commercial control resin. CONCLUSIONS: A self-healing adhesive with antibacterial and remineralizing capabilities was developed for the first time. Excellent dentin bond strength, autonomous crack-healing and KIC recovery, and strong anti-biofilm properties were achieved for the new adhesive resin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The novel method of using triple agents (self-healing microcapsules + DMAHDM + NACP) is promising for applications in dental adhesives, cements, sealants and composites to combat the two main challenges: fracture and secondary caries.
OBJECTIVES: Secondary caries at the tooth-restoration margins is a primary reason for restoration failure. Cracks at the margins lead to leakage which can trap bacteria, producing acids to cause caries. To date, there has been no report on developing an adhesive resin that has self-healing, antibacterial and remineralizing capabilities. The objectives of this study were to: (1) develop the first self-healing adhesive with antimicrobial and remineralizing capabilities, and (2) investigate the effects of incorporating microcapsules, dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM) and nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP) for the first time. METHODS: Self-healing microcapsules were synthesized with poly(urea-formaldehyde) (PUF) shells containing triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) as the healing liquid. The new adhesive contained 7.5% microcapsules, 10% DMAHDM and 20% NACP. A single edge V-notched beam (SEVNB) method was used to measure the fracture toughness KIC and the autonomous crack-healing efficiency. An oral plaque microcosm biofilm model was tested. RESULTS: The new self-healing, antimicrobial and remineralizing dental adhesive matched the dentin bond strength of a commercial control (p > 0.1). The new adhesive achieved successful crack-healing, with an excellent KIC recovery of 67%. The new adhesive had strong antimicrobial activity, reducing biofilm colony-forming units by four orders of magnitude, and reducing biofilm acid production to 1/100th that of biofilms on the commercial control resin. CONCLUSIONS: A self-healing adhesive with antibacterial and remineralizing capabilities was developed for the first time. Excellent dentin bond strength, autonomous crack-healing and KIC recovery, and strong anti-biofilm properties were achieved for the new adhesive resin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The novel method of using triple agents (self-healing microcapsules + DMAHDM + NACP) is promising for applications in dental adhesives, cements, sealants and composites to combat the two main challenges: fracture and secondary caries.
Authors: Mohammed Zahedul Islam Nizami; Veena W Xu; Iris X Yin; Ollie Y Yu; Chun-Hung Chu Journal: Nanomaterials (Basel) Date: 2021-12-20 Impact factor: 5.076