Countertransference and Psychological Assessment: Direct and Indirect Exposure.

Countertransference (CT) is usually conceptualized as emerging in the course of psychotherapy. This study explores whether CT manifests itself in the context of assessment and if the modality of exposure to participants (interviewer and observer) affects the intensity and nature of CT. Evaluators either led (direct exposure) or observed (indirect exposure) a 6-hour interview with a subject focusing on attachment and personality. Interviewers and evaluators then completed a measure of CT, the Therapist Response Questionnaire for a total of 43 subjects. Results show significant CT reactions for both interviewers and observers that were globally as intense in both conditions, although lower positive/satisfying and helpless/inadequate CTs were reported by observers. Moreover, intraclass correlations suggest that interviewers' and observers' CT reactions toward the same interviewee show an important degree of similarity. These results highlight the presence of CT in assessment contexts and support the existence of an objective part to CT reactions.