Ellyn E Matthews1, Chenghui Li2, Christopher R Long3, Marie-Rachelle Narcisse3, Bradley C Martin2, Pearl Anna McElfish3. 1. College of Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205. Electronic address: eematthews@uams.edu. 2. College of Pharmacy, UAMS, 4301 W Markham St, Little Rock, AR, 72205. 3. College of Medicine, UAMS Northwest, 1125 N College Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72703.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Examine sleep deficiency, factors, and associations with cardiometabolic diseases in United States Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (NHPI), Blacks, and Whites. DESIGN: Data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey and NHPI National Health Interview Survey household interviews of adults were analyzed. PARTICIPANTS: Of 31,724 participants, 7% were NHPI, 14% were Black, and 79% were White. METHODS: Habitual sleep duration and quality, sociodemographic/economic covariates, health behaviors, psychological distress, and chronic diseases were self-reported. Sleep duration was coded as very short (VSS; <5 hours), short (SS; 5-6 hours), long (LS; >8 hours), or healthy (7-8 hours). Using multivariate logistic regressions, the association between sleep duration and diseases was assessed after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: NHPI were more likely to report sleep <7 hours compared to Whites (40.2% NHPI, 29.3% White) and less LS than Blacks (7% NHPI, 9.2% Black), report poor sleep quality, and use fewer sleep medications. VSS was related to smoking and psychological distress in NHPI men. VSS was associated with hypertension and SS with diabetes in NHPI, even in adjusted models. The relationship between SS and diabetes was higher in NHPI (risk ratio [RR]: 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.90) than Whites (RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.90-1.14, P = .027) and Blacks (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.85-1.23, P = .043) even after adjusting for other covariates. CONCLUSIONS: NHPI reported suboptimal sleep duration that was linked to hypertension and diabetes even after controlling for covariates. Additional prospective studies in NHPI are needed to understand biological, behavioral, and psychological factors of sleep deficiency and its impact on chronic diseases.
PURPOSE: Examine sleep deficiency, factors, and associations with cardiometabolic diseases in United States Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (NHPI), Blacks, and Whites. DESIGN: Data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey and NHPI National Health Interview Survey household interviews of adults were analyzed. PARTICIPANTS: Of 31,724 participants, 7% were NHPI, 14% were Black, and 79% were White. METHODS: Habitual sleep duration and quality, sociodemographic/economic covariates, health behaviors, psychological distress, and chronic diseases were self-reported. Sleep duration was coded as very short (VSS; <5 hours), short (SS; 5-6 hours), long (LS; >8 hours), or healthy (7-8 hours). Using multivariate logistic regressions, the association between sleep duration and diseases was assessed after adjusting for covariates. RESULTS: NHPI were more likely to report sleep <7 hours compared to Whites (40.2% NHPI, 29.3% White) and less LS than Blacks (7% NHPI, 9.2% Black), report poor sleep quality, and use fewer sleep medications. VSS was related to smoking and psychological distress in NHPI men. VSS was associated with hypertension and SS with diabetes in NHPI, even in adjusted models. The relationship between SS and diabetes was higher in NHPI (risk ratio [RR]: 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.90) than Whites (RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.90-1.14, P = .027) and Blacks (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.85-1.23, P = .043) even after adjusting for other covariates. CONCLUSIONS: NHPI reported suboptimal sleep duration that was linked to hypertension and diabetes even after controlling for covariates. Additional prospective studies in NHPI are needed to understand biological, behavioral, and psychological factors of sleep deficiency and its impact on chronic diseases.
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