Robotic Laparoendoscopic Single Site: Pyeloplasty and Nephrectomy Chapter.

Robotic laparoendoscopic single site (RLESS) for upper tract procedures is safe and feasible in the correctly selected patient. An ideal candidate is young, has a low body mass index, and is undergoing surgery for benign indications. For RLESS procedures, we utilize a GelPOINT® access platform for "single-port" placement and ports are configured in a diamond shape. Five millimeter EndoWrist® robotic instruments are placed under direct vision. Range of motion is increased by utilizing the chopstick technique. The surgeon must always be aware of the orientation of each instrument to prevent counter-springing associated with their crossing at the level of the abdominal wall. The robotic camera lens and instruments must be moved synchronously, given their coaxial orientation relative to each other. In this chapter, we describe our technique for two of the most common RLESS upper tract procedures: pyeloplasty and nephrectomy.