Semaphorin 3A promotes osteogenic differentiation of BMSC from type 2 diabetes mellitus rats.

Bone regeneration is impaired in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which leads to non-healing after bone loss. The decreased osteogenic capacity of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) might be a main reason. Sema3A, as a powerful protein promoting osteocyte differentiation, shows potential for bone regeneration treatment. BMSCs may be a therapeutic solution. In this study, we divided BMSCs from T2DM rats (BMSCs-D) and normal rats (BMSCs-N), identified their ability to differentiate into different cell types. Then we found decreased expression of Sema3A in BMSCs-D compared with BMSCs-N. Stimulating with Sema3A showed no influence in the proliferation or migration of BMSCs. However, Sema3A stimulation significantly increased the expression of osteogenic‑related genes, including type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), bone morphogenetic protein and osteocalcin. Besides, the osteogenic capacity of BMSCs was also increased by Sema3A stimulation. In conclusion, we proved that exogenous Sema3A stimulation might repair the osteogenic capacity of BMSCs-D, thus providing a new strategy for restoring the impaired bone regeneration ability for T2DM patients.