Justin Z Lee1, Nirmal Singh1, Carol L Howe2, See-Wei Low1, Jennifer J Huang1, Gilbert Ortega3, Kwan S Lee4, Anil Pandit5. 1. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. 2. Arizona Health Sciences Library, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. 3. College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. 4. Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Electronic address: klee@shc.arizona.edu. 5. DeBakey Heart Institute, Hays, Kansas, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to investigate the efficacy and safety of colchicine for prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation. BACKGROUND: Proinflammatory processes induced during cardiac surgery may contribute toward post-operative atrial fibrillation (AF). Colchicine is a potent anti-inflammatory agent, which may have a role in post-operative AF prevention. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing colchicine versus placebo for prevention of post-operative AF. The main outcome measure of interest was the development of AF within 12 months after cardiac surgery. The overall risk ratio (RR) for the development of post-operative AF was computed using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Data analyzed from 3 randomized studies with a total of 912 patients, where 457 patients received colchicine and 455 patients received placebo, showed that perioperative colchicine therapy was associated with a reduced incidence of post-operative AF (RR: 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46 to 0.91; p < 0.01). Although colchicine therapy was associated with increased incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance (RR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.31 to 3.70; p = 0.003), it was not associated with early treatment discontinuation (RR: 1.37; 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.96; p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, current evidence suggests that colchicine therapy is efficacious for the prevention of post-operative AF, and may be considered as adjunctive prophylaxis. Further studies may be required to determine the optimal treatment protocol to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance.
OBJECTIVES: This study sought to investigate the efficacy and safety of colchicine for prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation. BACKGROUND: Proinflammatory processes induced during cardiac surgery may contribute toward post-operative atrial fibrillation (AF). Colchicine is a potent anti-inflammatory agent, which may have a role in post-operative AF prevention. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Library databases for randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing colchicine versus placebo for prevention of post-operative AF. The main outcome measure of interest was the development of AF within 12 months after cardiac surgery. The overall risk ratio (RR) for the development of post-operative AF was computed using a random-effects model. RESULTS: Data analyzed from 3 randomized studies with a total of 912 patients, where 457 patients received colchicine and 455 patients received placebo, showed that perioperative colchicine therapy was associated with a reduced incidence of post-operative AF (RR: 0.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.46 to 0.91; p < 0.01). Although colchicine therapy was associated with increased incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance (RR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.31 to 3.70; p = 0.003), it was not associated with early treatment discontinuation (RR: 1.37; 95% CI: 0.95 to 1.96; p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, current evidence suggests that colchicine therapy is efficacious for the prevention of post-operative AF, and may be considered as adjunctive prophylaxis. Further studies may be required to determine the optimal treatment protocol to reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal intolerance.
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