Literature DB >> 29765738

Crystal structure and Hirshfeld analysis of trans-bis-(5-fluoro-indoline-2,3-dione 3-oximato-κ2O2,N3)-trans-bis-(pyridine-κN)copper(II).

Ana Paula Lopes de Melo1, Leandro Bresolin1, Bianca Barreto Martins1, Vanessa Carratu Gervini1, Adriano Bof de Oliveira2.   

Abstract

The reaction in methanol of CuII acetate monohydrate with 5-fluoro-isatin 3-oxime deprotonated with KOH in a 1:2 molar ratio and recrystallization from pyridine yielded the title compound, [Cu(C8H4FN2O2)2(C5H5N)2]. In the centrosymmetric complex, the anionic form of the isatin oxime acts as a κ2N,O donor, building five-membered metallarings. The CuII cation is sixfold coordinated in a slightly distorted octa-hedral environment by two trans, equatorial, anionic isatin derivatives and two trans pyridine ligands in axial positions. The complexes are linked by hydrogen bonding into a three-dimensional network, which is also stabilized by π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.7352 (9) Å] and C-H⋯π contacts. The Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the major contributions for the crystal packing are H⋯H (31.80%), H⋯C (24.30%), H⋯O (15.20%) and H⋯F (10.80%). This work is the second report in the literature of a crystal structure of a coordination compound with isatin 3-oxime ligands (coordination chemistry).

Entities:  

Keywords:  5-fluoro­isatin 3-oxime copper complex; Hirshfeld surface analysis; crystal structure

Year:  2018        PMID: 29765738      PMCID: PMC5946960          DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018003365

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun


Chemical context

By the first half of the 19th century, the first reports on the chemistry of the isatin fragment were published independently in Germany and France (Erdmann, 1841a ▸,b ▸; Laurent, 1841 ▸). One very nice review concerning the organic synthesis of the isatin derivatives was published 74 years ago (Sumpter, 1944 ▸) and the topic remains up-to-date. From the early years, the chemistry of isatin-based mol­ecules emerged from the synthetic approach to a large class of organic compounds with applications in biochemistry and pharmacology. For two recent examples, see: 1-[(2-methyl­benzimidazol-1-yl) meth­yl]-2-oxo-indolin-3-yl­idene]amino]­thio­urea, a derivative with in silico and in vitro inhibition of Chikungunya virus replication (Mishra et al., 2016 ▸) and 5-chloro­isatin-4-methyl­thio­semi­carbazone, another derivative which appears as an inter­mediate in the synthesis of an HIV-1 RT inhibitor (Meleddu et al., 2017 ▸). The abbreviation HIV-1 RT stands for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase. Along the same line of research of the present work, the crystal structure, the Hirshfeld surface analysis and the lock-and-key supra­molecular analysis through in silico evaluation with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) of the isatin derivative ligand of the title complex were recently carried out. The (3Z)-5-fluoro-3-(hy­droxy­imino)-indolin-2-one mol­ecule showed a structure–activity relationship with the selected biological target through hydrogen bonding (Martins et al., 2017 ▸). Although the chemistry of isatins is already well reported in several scientific disciplines, crystal structures of complexes with isatin 3-oxime derivatives are surprisingly few in number. Thus, the crystal structure determination of isatin-based mol­ecules has become our major research inter­est and herein, the synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of a 5-fluoro­isatin 3-oxime complex with copper(II) is reported.

Structural commentary

The asymmetric unit of the title coordination compound consists of one CuII cation, which lies on an inversion center, and two ligands in general positions, the anionic form of 5-fluoro­isatin 3-oxime and one pyridine mol­ecule. The CuII atoms are sixfold coordinated in a slightly distorted octa­hedral environment by two five-membered chelate 5-fluoro­isatin-3-oximate ligands, acting as κ 2 N,O-donors in equatorial positions, and by two pyridine ligands in axial positions (Fig. 1 ▸). The isatin 3-oxime derivative is nearly planar with an r.m.s. deviation from the mean plane of the non–H atoms of 0.0145 Å and a maximum deviation of 0.0344 (9) Å for the N2 atom. The dihedral angle between the pyridine ring and the mean plane through the indoline ring system is 73.82 (3)°. For the five-membered ring, the r.m.s. from the mean plane through the Cu1/C1/C2/N2/O1 fragment is 0.074 Å and the maximum deviation from that plane is 0.0945 (7) Å for the N2 atom. The N2—Cu1—N3 and O1—Cu1—N3 angles are 88.75 (4) and 89.01 (4)°, respectively. Four intra­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are observed for the title compound, forming rings with S(5) graph-set motif. As an inter­esting feature of the structure, a hydrogen-bonded macrocyclic coordination environment can be assumed based on the S(5) rings (Fig. 2 ▸, Table 1 ▸).
Figure 1

The mol­ecular structure of the title compound, showing the atom labelling and displacement ellipsoids drawn at the 40% probability level. [Symmetry code: (i) −x + , −y + , −z + 1.]

Figure 2

The intra­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen inter­actions of the title compound (dashed lines) forming a ring of S(5) graph-set motif.

Table 1

Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, °)

Cg1 is the centroid of the N3/C9–C13 ring

D—H⋯A D—HH⋯A DA D—H⋯A
C9—H5⋯O1i 0.952.543.1424 (18)121
C12—H8⋯F1ii 0.952.493.287 (2)142
C13—H9⋯O10.952.543.1077 (19)119
N1—H4⋯O2iii 0.882.002.7529 (14)143
C6—H2⋯Cg1iv 0.952.793.7076 (17)162

Symmetry codes: (i) ; (ii) ; (iii) ; (iv) .

Supra­molecular features and Hirshfeld analysis

In the crystal, the mol­ecules of the centrosymmetric title compound are connected into a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network (Table 1 ▸). The complexes are linked by centrosymmetric pairs of C—H⋯F inter­actions into dimers with graph-set motif R(22). The dimers are the subunits of the periodic arrangement along the [110] direction (Fig. 3 ▸). The mol­ecular units are also connected by C—H⋯O inter­actions into a one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded polymer along the [001] direction (Fig. 4 ▸) and finally, the complexes are linked by N—H⋯O inter­actions into centrosymmetric dimers with graph-set motif R(14). Like the dimers of the first structural element, with C—H⋯F inter­actions connecting the mol­ecules, the latter element is also based on dimers as subunits of the polymeric motif, connected through N—H⋯O inter­actions but in this case along the [010] direction (Fig. 5 ▸). In addition, π–π stacking ­inter­actions [centroid-to-centroid distance: 3.7352 (9) Å] and C—H⋯π contacts (Table 1 ▸) stabilize the crystal structure.
Figure 3

Partial crystal packing of the title compound, viewed down the c axis, showing the C—H⋯F inter­actions (dashed lines) forming rings of (22) graph-set motif connecting the mol­ecules into a chain along the [110] direction.

Figure 4

Partial crystal packing of the title compound, viewed down the a axis, showing the C—H⋯O inter­actions (dashed lines) organized in a C(8) graph-set motif along the [001] direction.

Figure 5

Partial crystal packing of the title compound, viewed along the c axis, showing the C—H⋯O inter­actions (dashed lines) forming rings of (14) graph-set motif connecting the mol­ecules into a chain along the [010] direction.

The Hirshfeld surface analysis (Hirshfeld, 1977 ▸) of the crystal structure suggests that the contributions of the H⋯H, H⋯C and H⋯O inter­molecular inter­actions to the crystal packing amount to 31.80, 24.30 and 15.20%, respectively. Other important inter­molecular contacts for the cohesion of the structure are (values given in %): H⋯F = 10.80, C⋯C = 6.20, and H⋯N = 4.30. The contributions to the crystal cohesion are shown as two-dimensional Hirshfeld surface fingerprint plots with cyan dots (Wolff et al., 2012 ▸). The d (y axis) and d (x axis) values are the closest external and inter­nal distances (values in Å) from given points on the Hirshfeld surface contacts (Fig. 6 ▸). The graphical representation of the Hirshfeld surface for the title compound with transparency and labelled atoms (Fig. 7 ▸) indicates, in magenta, the locations of the strongest inter­molecular contacts, e.g. the H4, H7, H8, O2 and F1 atoms.
Figure 6

Hirshfeld surface two-dimensional fingerprint plot for the title compound showing (a) H⋯H, (b) H⋯C, (c) O⋯H and (d) H⋯F, (e) C⋯C and (f) H⋯N contacts in detail (cyan dots). The contribution of the inter­actions to the crystal packing amounts to 31.80, 24.30, 15.20, 10.80, 06.20 and 04.30%, respectively. The d e (y axis) and d i (x axis) values are the closest external and inter­nal distances (values in Å) from given points on the Hirshfeld surface contacts.

Figure 7

Graphical representation of the Hirshfeld surface (d norm) for the title compound. The surface is drawn with transparency and simplified for clarity. The surface regions with strongest inter­molecular inter­actions are drawn in magenta and the respective atoms are labelled. [Symmetry code: (i) −x + , −y + , −z + 1.]

Database survey

A search of SciFinder (SciFinder, 2018 ▸) revealed a single report in the literature about the crystal structure of coordin­ation compounds with isatin 3-oxime derivatives, i.e. the one-dimensional coordination polymer, catena-poly[[[aquasodium]-di-μ-aqua-[aqua­sodium]-bis­(μ-2-oxoindoline-2,3-dione 3-oximato)] tetra­kis­(oxoindoline-2,3-dione 3-oxime)] (Barreto Martins et al., 2011 ▸). For that complex, the Na cations shows an octa­hedral coordination environment builded by the anionic form of the isatin 3-oxime and water mol­ecules (Fig. 8 ▸).
Figure 8

Partial view of the structure of catena-poly[[[aqua­sodium]-di-μ-aqua-[aqua­sodium]-bis­(μ-2-oxoindoline-2,3-dione 3-oximato)] tetra­kis­(oxoindoline-2,3-dione 3-oxime)].

Synthesis and crystallization

All the starting materials were commercially available and were used without further purification. The synthesis of the ligand followed the procedure reported previously (Martins et al., 2017 ▸). 5-Fluoro­isatin 3-oxime was dissolved in methanol (4 mmol, 50 mL) and deprotonated with one pellet of KOH with stirring maintained for 60 min. Simultaneously, a green solution of copper acetate mono­hydrate in methanol (2 mmol, 50 mL) was prepared under continuous stirring. A dark-coloured mixture of both solutions was maintained with stirring at room temperature for 8 h. A crude dark-red material was obtained by evaporation of the solvent. Purple crystals of the complex, suitable for X-ray analysis, were obtained by recrystallization of the solid from a pyridine/methanol (1:10 v/v) solution.

Refinement

Crystal data, data collection and structure refinement details are summarized in Table 2 ▸. Hydrogen atoms were located in a difference-Fourier map, but were positioned with idealized geometry and refined isotropically using a riding model, with U iso(H) = 1.2U eq(C, N), and with C—H = 0.95 and N—H = 0.88 Å.
Table 2

Experimental details

Crystal data
Chemical formula[Cu(C8H4FN2O2)2(C5H5N)2]
M r 580.00
Crystal system, space groupMonoclinic, C2/c
Temperature (K)200
a, b, c (Å)19.9709 (14), 7.2155 (5), 17.1989 (12)
β (°)98.579 (2)
V3)2450.6 (3)
Z 4
Radiation typeMo Kα
μ (mm−1)0.95
Crystal size (mm)0.40 × 0.24 × 0.20
 
Data collection
DiffractometerBruker APEXII CCD
Absorption correctionMulti-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015)
T min, T max 0.674, 0.746
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections18806, 4481, 3966
R int 0.017
(sin θ/λ)max−1)0.760
 
Refinement
R[F 2 > 2σ(F 2)], wR(F 2), S 0.033, 0.086, 1.12
No. of reflections4481
No. of parameters178
H-atom treatmentH-atom parameters constrained
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3)0.40, −0.34

Computer programs: APEX2 and SAINT (Bruker, 2014 ▸), SHELXT2014 (Sheldrick, 2015a ▸), SHELXL2016 (Sheldrick, 2015b ▸), WinGX (Farrugia, 2012 ▸), DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006 ▸), CrystalExplorer (Wolff et al., 2012 ▸), publCIF (Westrip, 2010 ▸) and enCIFer (Allen et al., 2004 ▸).

Crystal structure: contains datablock(s) I, publication_text. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018003365/rz5228sup1.cif Structure factors: contains datablock(s) I. DOI: 10.1107/S2056989018003365/rz5228Isup2.hkl CCDC reference: 1826012 Additional supporting information: crystallographic information; 3D view; checkCIF report
[Cu(C8H4FN2O2)2(C5H5N)2]F(000) = 1180
Mr = 580.00Dx = 1.572 Mg m3
Monoclinic, C2/cMo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 19.9709 (14) ÅCell parameters from 9537 reflections
b = 7.2155 (5) Åθ = 2.4–32.7°
c = 17.1989 (12) ŵ = 0.95 mm1
β = 98.579 (2)°T = 200 K
V = 2450.6 (3) Å3Prismatic, purple
Z = 40.40 × 0.24 × 0.20 mm
Bruker APEXII CCD diffractometer3966 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed X-ray tube, Bruker APEX2 CCDRint = 0.017
φ and ω scansθmax = 32.7°, θmin = 2.1°
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015)h = −30→30
Tmin = 0.674, Tmax = 0.746k = −10→7
18806 measured reflectionsl = −26→26
4481 independent reflections
Refinement on F2Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: fullSecondary atom site location: difference Fourier map
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.033Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
wR(F2) = 0.086H-atom parameters constrained
S = 1.12w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.035P)2 + 2.817P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3
4481 reflections(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
178 parametersΔρmax = 0.40 e Å3
0 restraintsΔρmin = −0.34 e Å3
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.
xyzUiso*/Ueq
C10.66193 (6)0.43044 (17)0.51144 (7)0.0202 (2)
C20.62981 (6)0.59529 (16)0.54136 (7)0.0179 (2)
C30.57200 (6)0.53285 (17)0.57616 (7)0.0190 (2)
C40.52421 (7)0.6220 (2)0.61397 (8)0.0252 (2)
H10.5241390.7526870.6205650.030*
C50.47665 (7)0.5092 (2)0.64150 (10)0.0308 (3)
C60.47458 (7)0.3189 (2)0.63286 (10)0.0330 (3)
H20.4406370.2488440.6528510.040*
C70.52236 (8)0.2300 (2)0.59479 (10)0.0292 (3)
H30.5216100.0993540.5877210.035*
C80.57102 (6)0.33887 (17)0.56761 (8)0.0213 (2)
C90.79324 (7)0.8070 (2)0.66905 (8)0.0271 (3)
H50.7781420.9294890.6560220.033*
C100.81834 (9)0.7655 (3)0.74669 (9)0.0361 (3)
H60.8202990.8581920.7861810.043*
C110.84039 (8)0.5880 (3)0.76578 (9)0.0374 (4)
H70.8574250.5563920.8186530.045*
C120.83737 (9)0.4571 (3)0.70703 (10)0.0359 (3)
H80.8526880.3342160.7187750.043*
C130.81167 (8)0.5072 (2)0.63051 (9)0.0285 (3)
H90.8096070.4166730.5901000.034*
Cu10.7500000.7500000.5000000.01704 (6)
F10.42924 (6)0.59199 (17)0.67886 (8)0.0505 (3)
N10.62487 (6)0.28139 (15)0.52904 (8)0.0242 (2)
H40.6334430.1655830.5178490.029*
N20.65751 (5)0.75711 (14)0.53373 (6)0.01704 (17)
N30.78961 (5)0.67952 (17)0.61181 (6)0.0208 (2)
O10.71204 (5)0.42959 (14)0.47722 (6)0.02501 (19)
O20.62959 (5)0.90531 (12)0.55624 (6)0.02333 (18)
U11U22U33U12U13U23
C10.0261 (5)0.0133 (5)0.0219 (5)0.0016 (4)0.0052 (4)0.0011 (4)
C20.0209 (5)0.0130 (5)0.0204 (5)0.0011 (4)0.0051 (4)0.0007 (4)
C30.0205 (5)0.0150 (5)0.0215 (5)−0.0005 (4)0.0041 (4)0.0022 (4)
C40.0254 (6)0.0219 (6)0.0299 (6)0.0018 (5)0.0092 (5)0.0011 (5)
C50.0246 (6)0.0335 (8)0.0367 (7)0.0022 (5)0.0131 (5)0.0036 (6)
C60.0254 (6)0.0329 (8)0.0420 (8)−0.0059 (6)0.0098 (6)0.0092 (7)
C70.0292 (6)0.0201 (6)0.0386 (7)−0.0053 (5)0.0057 (5)0.0062 (5)
C80.0237 (5)0.0145 (5)0.0255 (5)−0.0007 (4)0.0036 (4)0.0033 (4)
C90.0295 (6)0.0297 (7)0.0220 (6)0.0023 (5)0.0034 (5)−0.0005 (5)
C100.0398 (8)0.0476 (10)0.0199 (6)−0.0019 (7)0.0009 (5)−0.0030 (6)
C110.0345 (7)0.0532 (11)0.0230 (6)−0.0028 (7)−0.0006 (5)0.0120 (6)
C120.0375 (8)0.0367 (8)0.0327 (7)0.0066 (7)0.0026 (6)0.0141 (6)
C130.0322 (6)0.0278 (7)0.0262 (6)0.0071 (5)0.0069 (5)0.0045 (5)
Cu10.01925 (10)0.01681 (10)0.01575 (9)0.00118 (7)0.00488 (6)0.00176 (7)
F10.0404 (5)0.0492 (7)0.0705 (8)0.0048 (5)0.0367 (5)0.0016 (6)
N10.0325 (6)0.0093 (4)0.0326 (6)0.0007 (4)0.0108 (5)0.0011 (4)
N20.0204 (4)0.0131 (4)0.0179 (4)0.0018 (3)0.0040 (3)0.0000 (3)
N30.0203 (4)0.0249 (5)0.0182 (4)0.0027 (4)0.0064 (3)0.0029 (4)
O10.0308 (5)0.0182 (4)0.0284 (5)0.0044 (4)0.0123 (4)0.0013 (4)
O20.0297 (4)0.0122 (4)0.0301 (5)0.0025 (3)0.0113 (4)−0.0021 (3)
C1—O11.2342 (15)C9—N31.3412 (19)
C1—N11.3649 (16)C9—C101.387 (2)
C1—C21.4798 (17)C9—H50.9500
C2—N21.3070 (15)C10—C111.378 (3)
C2—C31.4493 (16)C10—H60.9500
C3—C41.3901 (18)C11—C121.378 (3)
C3—C81.4072 (17)C11—H70.9500
C4—C51.386 (2)C12—C131.387 (2)
C4—H10.9500C12—H80.9500
C5—F11.3591 (17)C13—N31.3423 (19)
C5—C61.382 (2)C13—H90.9500
C6—C71.392 (2)Cu1—N22.0176 (10)
C6—H20.9500Cu1—N32.0319 (11)
C7—C81.3841 (18)N1—H40.8800
C7—H30.9500N2—O21.2917 (13)
C8—N11.4077 (17)
O1—C1—N1127.37 (12)N3—C9—H5119.0
O1—C1—C2126.46 (12)C10—C9—H5119.0
N1—C1—C2106.18 (11)C11—C10—C9119.13 (15)
N2—C2—C3133.98 (11)C11—C10—H6120.4
N2—C2—C1118.12 (10)C9—C10—H6120.4
C3—C2—C1107.89 (10)C10—C11—C12119.00 (14)
C4—C3—C8120.61 (12)C10—C11—H7120.5
C4—C3—C2133.96 (12)C12—C11—H7120.5
C8—C3—C2105.40 (11)C11—C12—C13119.13 (15)
C5—C4—C3116.20 (13)C11—C12—H8120.4
C5—C4—H1121.9C13—C12—H8120.4
C3—C4—H1121.9N3—C13—C12122.02 (15)
F1—C5—C6118.42 (13)N3—C13—H9119.0
F1—C5—C4117.69 (14)C12—C13—H9119.0
C6—C5—C4123.89 (14)N2—Cu1—N388.75 (4)
C5—C6—C7119.82 (13)O1—Cu1—N389.01 (4)
C5—C6—H2120.1C1—N1—C8110.49 (10)
C7—C6—H2120.1C1—N1—H4124.8
C8—C7—C6117.53 (13)C8—N1—H4124.8
C8—C7—H3121.2O2—N2—C2120.09 (10)
C6—C7—H3121.2O2—N2—Cu1124.18 (8)
C7—C8—C3121.93 (13)C2—N2—Cu1115.18 (8)
C7—C8—N1128.03 (12)C9—N3—C13118.66 (12)
C3—C8—N1110.04 (11)C9—N3—Cu1119.59 (10)
N3—C9—C10122.06 (15)C13—N3—Cu1121.74 (10)
O1—C1—C2—N2−2.32 (19)C4—C3—C8—N1−178.83 (12)
N1—C1—C2—N2177.94 (12)C2—C3—C8—N1−0.40 (14)
O1—C1—C2—C3179.09 (13)N3—C9—C10—C110.1 (2)
N1—C1—C2—C3−0.65 (14)C9—C10—C11—C120.5 (3)
N2—C2—C3—C40.5 (3)C10—C11—C12—C13−0.6 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C4178.76 (14)C11—C12—C13—N30.0 (2)
N2—C2—C3—C8−177.63 (14)O1—C1—N1—C8−179.33 (13)
C1—C2—C3—C80.63 (13)C2—C1—N1—C80.41 (14)
C8—C3—C4—C5−0.3 (2)C7—C8—N1—C1179.97 (14)
C2—C3—C4—C5−178.20 (14)C3—C8—N1—C1−0.01 (16)
C3—C4—C5—F1179.91 (13)C3—C2—N2—O2−4.6 (2)
C3—C4—C5—C6−0.4 (2)C1—C2—N2—O2177.27 (11)
F1—C5—C6—C7179.92 (15)C3—C2—N2—Cu1167.30 (11)
C4—C5—C6—C70.2 (3)C1—C2—N2—Cu1−10.83 (14)
C5—C6—C7—C80.6 (2)C10—C9—N3—C13−0.7 (2)
C6—C7—C8—C3−1.3 (2)C10—C9—N3—Cu1178.48 (12)
C6—C7—C8—N1178.68 (14)C12—C13—N3—C90.6 (2)
C4—C3—C8—C71.2 (2)C12—C13—N3—Cu1−178.54 (12)
C2—C3—C8—C7179.62 (13)
D—H···AD—HH···AD···AD—H···A
C9—H5···O1i0.952.543.1424 (18)121
C12—H8···F1ii0.952.493.287 (2)142
C13—H9···O10.952.543.1077 (19)119
N1—H4···O2iii0.882.002.7529 (14)143
C6—H2···Cg1iv0.952.793.7076 (17)162
  4 in total

1.  Comparison of silver and molybdenum microfocus X-ray sources for single-crystal structure determination.

Authors:  Lennard Krause; Regine Herbst-Irmer; George M Sheldrick; Dietmar Stalke
Journal:  J Appl Crystallogr       Date:  2015-01-30       Impact factor: 3.304

2.  SHELXT - integrated space-group and crystal-structure determination.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 2.290

3.  Crystal structure refinement with SHELXL.

Authors:  George M Sheldrick
Journal:  Acta Crystallogr C Struct Chem       Date:  2015-01-01       Impact factor: 1.172

4.  Isatin thiazoline hybrids as dual inhibitors of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase.

Authors:  Rita Meleddu; Simona Distinto; Angela Corona; Enzo Tramontano; Giulia Bianco; Claudia Melis; Filippo Cottiglia; Elias Maccioni
Journal:  J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem       Date:  2016-10-21       Impact factor: 5.051

  4 in total

北京卡尤迪生物科技股份有限公司 © 2022-2023.