Chenlong Zhao1, Minghui Liu1, Yongwen Li2, Hongbing Zhang1, Ying Li2, Hao Gong1, Yin Yuan1, Weiting Li1, Hongyu Liu2, Jun Chen1,2. 1. Department of Lung Cancer Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China. 2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is an important process in the development of tumor. PD 0332991, a cell cycle inhibitor, can specifically inhibit CD4/6 phosphorylation and cell cycle progression. In xeongraft mice models, PD 0332991 treated mice had significantly decreased angiogenesis and vascular density compared with the control group, but the mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of PD 0332991 on vascular endothelial cells. METHODS: EA.hy926 cells, a kind of vascular endothelial cell, were used as the research model. The effects of PD 0332991 on the activity and proliferation of EA.hy926 cells were detected by the MTT, EdU assays. Wound-healing assays and transwell assays were used to determine the effects of PD 0332991 on the mobility of EA.hy926. The influence of PD 0332991 on cell cycle and apoptosis of endothelial cells was tested by flow cytometry, and the Western blot was applied to observe the expression of cell cycle related proteins in EA.hy926 cells treated by PD 0332991. RESULTS: PD 0332991 significantly inhibited the proliferation and mobility of EA.hy926 cells, caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. At the same time, PD 0332991 inhibited the expression of CDK4/6 and phosphorylation of Rb, and thus inhibited the cell cycle progression of EA.hy926 cells. CONCLUSIONS: PD 0332991 can inhibit the proliferation and activity of endothelial cells and induces apoptosis.
BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis is an important process in the development of tumor. PD 0332991, a cell cycle inhibitor, can specifically inhibit CD4/6 phosphorylation and cell cycle progression. In xeongraft mice models, PD 0332991 treated mice had significantly decreased angiogenesis and vascular density compared with the control group, but the mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role and molecular mechanism of PD 0332991 on vascular endothelial cells. METHODS: EA.hy926 cells, a kind of vascular endothelial cell, were used as the research model. The effects of PD 0332991 on the activity and proliferation of EA.hy926 cells were detected by the MTT, EdU assays. Wound-healing assays and transwell assays were used to determine the effects of PD 0332991 on the mobility of EA.hy926. The influence of PD 0332991 on cell cycle and apoptosis of endothelial cells was tested by flow cytometry, and the Western blot was applied to observe the expression of cell cycle related proteins in EA.hy926 cells treated by PD 0332991. RESULTS:PD 0332991 significantly inhibited the proliferation and mobility of EA.hy926 cells, caused cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. At the same time, PD 0332991 inhibited the expression of CDK4/6 and phosphorylation of Rb, and thus inhibited the cell cycle progression of EA.hy926 cells. CONCLUSIONS:PD 0332991 can inhibit the proliferation and activity of endothelial cells and induces apoptosis.
PD 0332991 inhibited the viability and proliferation of EA.hy926 cells. A, B: After PD 0332991 treatment, cell viability was reduced with the increase of drug concentration and time gradient; C, D: PD 0332991 inhibits the proliferation of EA.hy926 cells.
PD 0332991抑制内皮细胞的活性及增殖。A、B:PD 0332991处理内皮细胞后,细胞活性随药物浓度梯度和时间梯度降低;C、D:PD 0332991抑制内皮细胞增殖。PD 0332991 inhibited the viability and proliferation of EA.hy926 cells. A, B: After PD 0332991 treatment, cell viability was reduced with the increase of drug concentration and time gradient; C, D: PD 0332991 inhibits the proliferation of EA.hy926 cells.
PD 0332991 inhibited the migration of EA.hy926 cells. A, B: The effect of PD 0332991 on endothelial cell migration was detected by wound-healing assay; C, D: Transwell migration assay was used to detect the effect of PD 0332991 on endothelial cell migration.
PD 0332991抑制内皮细胞的迁移。A、B:划痕实验检测PD 0332991对内皮细胞迁移能力的影响;C、D:Transwell实验检测PD 0332991对内皮细胞迁移能力的影响。PD 0332991 inhibited the migration of EA.hy926 cells. A, B: The effect of PD 0332991 on endothelial cell migration was detected by wound-healing assay; C, D: Transwell migration assay was used to detect the effect of PD 0332991 on endothelial cell migration.
The effects of PD 0332991 on cell cycle and apoptosis. A-C: After treatment with PD 0332991 in EA.hy926 cells, we used flow cytometry to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis.
PD 0332991影响内皮细胞的细胞周期和凋亡。A-C:应用流式细胞技术检测发现PD 0332991处理EA.hy926 cells后,G1期细胞明显增多,细胞凋亡明显增加。The effects of PD 0332991 on cell cycle and apoptosis. A-C: After treatment with PD 0332991 in EA.hy926 cells, we used flow cytometry to analyze the cell cycle and apoptosis.
Analysis of tumor vascular density in xeongraft mice model treated with PD 0332991. In the mouse model of lung cancer treated with PD 0332991, CD34 antibody detection revealed a marked decrease of vascular density in the tumor tissues.
PD 0332991处理后的小鼠肿瘤血管密度分析。在PD 0332991处理的小鼠肺癌动物模型试验中,应用CD34抗体检测发现肿瘤模型中的血管密度明显降低。Analysis of tumor vascular density in xeongraft mice model treated with PD 0332991. In the mouse model of lung cancer treated with PD 0332991, CD34 antibody detection revealed a marked decrease of vascular density in the tumor tissues.
PD 0332991 reduces cell cycle-related protein expression. After treatment with PD 0332991 in endothelial cells, the expression levels of many proteins associated with the cell cycle (such as CDK6, CDK4, E2F1, etc.) were significantly changed by Western blot.
PD 0332991降低细胞周期相关蛋白的表达。在EA.hy926内皮细胞中经过PD 0332991处理后,应用Western blot检测发现与细胞周期相关诸多蛋白(如CDK6、CDK4、E2F1等)的表达水平发生了明显改变。PD 0332991 reduces cell cycle-related protein expression. After treatment with PD 0332991 in endothelial cells, the expression levels of many proteins associated with the cell cycle (such as CDK6, CDK4, E2F1, etc.) were significantly changed by Western blot.
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