Mark Fishbein1, Tatyana Livshultz2, Shannon C K Straub3, André O Simões4, Julien Boutte3, Angela McDonnell1,5, Abbey Foote3. 1. Department of Plant Biology, Ecology& Evolution, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA. 2. Department of Biodiversity, Earth & Environmental Sciences & Academy of Natural Sciences of Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19103, USA. 3. Department of Biology, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, NY, 14456, USA. 4. Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP, CP. 6109, 13083-970, Campinas São Paulo, Brazil. 5. Department of Biology, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA, 17837, USA.
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: We provide the largest phylogenetic analyses to date of Apocynaceae in terms of taxa and molecular data as a framework for analyzing the evolution of vegetative and reproductive traits. METHODS: We produced maximum-likelihood phylogenies of Apocynaceae using 21 plastid loci sampled from 1045 species (nearly 25% of the family) and complete plastomes from 73 species. We reconstructed ancestral states and used model comparisons in a likelihood framework to analyze character evolution across Apocynaceae. KEY RESULTS: We obtained a well-supported phylogeny of Apocynaceae, resolving poorly understood tribal and subtribal relationships (e.g., among Amsonieae and Hunterieae, within Asclepiadeae), rejecting monophyly of Melodineae and Odontadenieae, and placing previously unsampled and enigmatic taxa (e.g., Pycnobotrya). We provide new insights into the evolution of Apocynaceae, including frequent shifts between herbaceousness and woodiness, reversibility of twining, integrated evolution of the corolla and gynostegium, and ancestral baccate fruits. CONCLUSIONS: Increased sampling and selection of best-fitting models of evolution provide more resolved and robust estimates of phylogeny and character evolution than obtained in previous studies. Evolutionary inferences are sensitive to choice of phylogenetic frameworks and models.
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: We provide the largest phylogenetic analyses to date of Apocynaceae in terms of taxa and molecular data as a framework for analyzing the evolution of vegetative and reproductive traits. METHODS: We produced maximum-likelihood phylogenies of Apocynaceae using 21 plastid loci sampled from 1045 species (nearly 25% of the family) and complete plastomes from 73 species. We reconstructed ancestral states and used model comparisons in a likelihood framework to analyze character evolution across Apocynaceae. KEY RESULTS: We obtained a well-supported phylogeny of Apocynaceae, resolving poorly understood tribal and subtribal relationships (e.g., among Amsonieae and Hunterieae, within Asclepiadeae), rejecting monophyly of Melodineae and Odontadenieae, and placing previously unsampled and enigmatic taxa (e.g., Pycnobotrya). We provide new insights into the evolution of Apocynaceae, including frequent shifts between herbaceousness and woodiness, reversibility of twining, integrated evolution of the corolla and gynostegium, and ancestral baccate fruits. CONCLUSIONS: Increased sampling and selection of best-fitting models of evolution provide more resolved and robust estimates of phylogeny and character evolution than obtained in previous studies. Evolutionary inferences are sensitive to choice of phylogenetic frameworks and models.
Keywords:
ancestral state reconstruction; corolla shape; corona; fruit type; growth habit; maximum likelihood; model of character evolution; plastid and plastome sequences; stochastic mapping; vines
Authors: Jeff Ollerton; Sigrid Liede-Schumann; Mary E Endress; Ulrich Meve; André Rodrigo Rech; Adam Shuttleworth; Héctor A Keller; Mark Fishbein; Leonardo O Alvarado-Cárdenas; Felipe W Amorim; Peter Bernhardt; Ferhat Celep; Yolanda Chirango; Fidel Chiriboga-Arroyo; Laure Civeyrel; Andrea Cocucci; Louise Cranmer; Inara Carolina da Silva-Batista; Linde de Jager; Mariana Scaramussa Deprá; Arthur Domingos-Melo; Courtney Dvorsky; Kayna Agostini; Leandro Freitas; Maria Cristina Gaglianone; Leo Galetto; Mike Gilbert; Ixchel González-Ramírez; Pablo Gorostiague; David Goyder; Leandro Hachuy-Filho; Annemarie Heiduk; Aaron Howard; Gretchen Ionta; Sofia C Islas-Hernández; Steven D Johnson; Lize Joubert; Christopher N Kaiser-Bunbury; Susan Kephart; Aroonrat Kidyoo; Suzanne Koptur; Cristiana Koschnitzke; Ellen Lamborn; Tatyana Livshultz; Isabel Cristina Machado; Salvador Marino; Lumi Mema; Ko Mochizuki; Leonor Patrícia Cerdeira Morellato; Chediel K Mrisha; Evalyne W Muiruri; Naoyuki Nakahama; Viviany Teixeira Nascimento; Clive Nuttman; Paulo Eugenio Oliveira; Craig I Peter; Sachin Punekar; Nicole Rafferty; Alessandro Rapini; Zong-Xin Ren; Claudia I Rodríguez-Flores; Liliana Rosero; Shoko Sakai; Marlies Sazima; Sandy-Lynn Steenhuisen; Ching-Wen Tan; Carolina Torres; Kristian Trøjelsgaard; Atushi Ushimaru; Milene Faria Vieira; Ana Pía Wiemer; Tadashi Yamashiro; Tarcila Nadia; Joel Queiroz; Zelma Quirino Journal: Ann Bot Date: 2019-01-23 Impact factor: 4.357