Unified description of three-dimensional optical diffraction microscopy: from transmission microscopy to optical coherence tomography: tutorial.

In this tutorial, we present a general model linking the data provided by any optical diffraction microscope to the sample permittivity. Our analysis is applicable to essentially all microscope configurations, in transmission or reflection mode, using scanning or full-field illumination, with or without interferometric measurements. We include also a generalization of our analysis to vector fields.