César Augusto da Silva1,2, Lucas Helal1,3, Roberto Pacheco da Silva1,4, Karlyse Claudino Belli1, Daniel Umpierre1,3,5, Ricardo Stein6,7,8,9. 1. Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Térreo, Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Largo Eduardo Zaccaro Faraco, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil. 2. Exercise Cardiology Research Group (CardioEx) HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 3. Exercise Pathophysiology Laboratory (LaFiEx) HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 4. Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Research on Sleep (LIPES) HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 5. Institute for Health Technology Assessment (IATS), HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 6. Graduate Program in Cardiology and Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Medicine, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Térreo, Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Largo Eduardo Zaccaro Faraco, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil. rstein@cardiol.br. 7. Exercise Cardiology Research Group (CardioEx) HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. rstein@cardiol.br. 8. School of Medicine, HCPA/UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. rstein@cardiol.br. 9. Vitta Centro de Bem-Estar Físico, Porto Alegre, Brazil. rstein@cardiol.br.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although compression garments are used to improve sports performance, methodological approaches and the direction of evidence regarding garments for use in high-intensity exercise settings are diverse. OBJECTIVES: Our primary aim was to summarize the association between lower-limb compression garments (LLCGs) and changes in sports performance during high-intensity exercise. We also aimed to summarize evidence about the following physiological parameters related to sports performance: vertical jump height (VJ), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), submaximal oxygen uptake (VO2submax), blood lactate concentrations ([La]), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE, 6-20 Borg scale). METHODS: We searched electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov) and reference lists for previous reviews. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials with athletes or physically active subjects (≥ 18 years) using any type of LLCG during high-intensity exercise. The results were described as weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: The 23 included studies showed low statistical heterogeneity for the pooled outcomes. We found that LLCGs yielded similar running performance to controls (50-400 m: WMD 0.06 s [95% CI - 1.99 to 2.11]; 800-3000 m: WMD 6.10 s [95% CI - 7.23 to 19.43]; > 5000 m: WMD 1.01 s [95% CI - 84.80 to 86.82]). Likewise, we found no evidence that LLCGs were superior in secondary outcomes (VJ: WMD 2.25 cm [95% CI - 2.51 to 7.02]; VO2max: WMD 0.24 mL.kg-1.min-1 [95% CI - 1.48 to 1.95]; VO2submax: WMD - 0.26 mL.kg-1.min-1 [95% CI - 2.66 to 2.14]; [La]: WMD 0.19 mmol/L [95% CI - 0.22 to 0.60]; RPE: WMD - 0.20 points [95% CI - 0.48 to 0.08]). CONCLUSIONS: LLCGs were not associated with improved performance in VJ, VO2max, VO2submax, [La], or RPE during high-intensity exercise. Such evidence should be taken into account when considering using LLCGs to enhance running performance.
BACKGROUND: Although compression garments are used to improve sports performance, methodological approaches and the direction of evidence regarding garments for use in high-intensity exercise settings are diverse. OBJECTIVES: Our primary aim was to summarize the association between lower-limb compression garments (LLCGs) and changes in sports performance during high-intensity exercise. We also aimed to summarize evidence about the following physiological parameters related to sports performance: vertical jump height (VJ), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), submaximal oxygen uptake (VO2submax), blood lactate concentrations ([La]), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE, 6-20 Borg scale). METHODS: We searched electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov) and reference lists for previous reviews. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials with athletes or physically active subjects (≥ 18 years) using any type of LLCG during high-intensity exercise. The results were described as weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). RESULTS: The 23 included studies showed low statistical heterogeneity for the pooled outcomes. We found that LLCGs yielded similar running performance to controls (50-400 m: WMD 0.06 s [95% CI - 1.99 to 2.11]; 800-3000 m: WMD 6.10 s [95% CI - 7.23 to 19.43]; > 5000 m: WMD 1.01 s [95% CI - 84.80 to 86.82]). Likewise, we found no evidence that LLCGs were superior in secondary outcomes (VJ: WMD 2.25 cm [95% CI - 2.51 to 7.02]; VO2max: WMD 0.24 mL.kg-1.min-1 [95% CI - 1.48 to 1.95]; VO2submax: WMD - 0.26 mL.kg-1.min-1 [95% CI - 2.66 to 2.14]; [La]: WMD 0.19 mmol/L [95% CI - 0.22 to 0.60]; RPE: WMD - 0.20 points [95% CI - 0.48 to 0.08]). CONCLUSIONS: LLCGs were not associated with improved performance in VJ, VO2max, VO2submax, [La], or RPE during high-intensity exercise. Such evidence should be taken into account when considering using LLCGs to enhance running performance.
Authors: Thilo Hotfiel; Isabel Mayer; Moritz Huettel; Matthias Wilhelm Hoppe; Martin Engelhardt; Christoph Lutter; Klaus Pöttgen; Rafael Heiss; Tom Kastner; Casper Grim Journal: Sports (Basel) Date: 2019-06-13
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