Sajad Yarahmadi1, Nooredin Mohammadi2, Arash Ardalan3, Hassan Najafizadeh4, Mohammad Gholami5. 1. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Electronic address: s.yarahmadi000@gmail.com. 2. Department of Critical Care Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Centre for Nursing Care Research, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: nooredin.mohammadi@yahoo.com. 3. 563 Hampshire Rd, Apt 273, Westlake Village, CA 91361, USA. Electronic address: arashard@gmail.com. 4. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Electronic address: najafizadeh1392@gmail.com. 5. School of Nursing and Midwifery, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran. Electronic address: mohammad13565@yahoo.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Chest tube removal is an extremely painful procedure and patients may not respond well to palliative therapies. This study aimed to examine the effect of cold and music therapy individually, as well as a combination of these interventions on reducing pain following chest tube removal. METHODS: A factorial randomized-controlled clinical trial was performed on 180 patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Patients were randomized into four groups of 45. Group A used ice packs for 20 minutes prior to chest tube removal. Group B was assigned to listen to music for a total length of 30 minutes which started 15 minutes prior to chest tube removal. Group C received a combination of both interventions; and Group D received no interventions. Pain intensity was measured in each group every 15 minutes for a total of 3 readings. Analysis of variance, Tukey and Bonferroni post hoc tests, as well as repeated measures ANOVA were employed for data analysis. RESULTS:Cold therapy and combined method intervention effectively reduced the pain caused by chest tube removal (P < 0.001). Additionally, there were no statistically significant difference in pain intensity scores between groups at 15 minutes following chest tube removal (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION:Cold and music therapy can be used by nursing staff in clinical practice as a combined approach to provide effective pain control following chest tube removal.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND:Chest tube removal is an extremely painful procedure and patients may not respond well to palliative therapies. This study aimed to examine the effect of cold and music therapy individually, as well as a combination of these interventions on reducing pain following chest tube removal. METHODS: A factorial randomized-controlled clinical trial was performed on 180 patients who underwent cardiac surgery. Patients were randomized into four groups of 45. Group A used ice packs for 20 minutes prior to chest tube removal. Group B was assigned to listen to music for a total length of 30 minutes which started 15 minutes prior to chest tube removal. Group C received a combination of both interventions; and Group D received no interventions. Pain intensity was measured in each group every 15 minutes for a total of 3 readings. Analysis of variance, Tukey and Bonferroni post hoc tests, as well as repeated measures ANOVA were employed for data analysis. RESULTS: Cold therapy and combined method intervention effectively reduced the pain caused by chest tube removal (P < 0.001). Additionally, there were no statistically significant difference in pain intensity scores between groups at 15 minutes following chest tube removal (P = 0.07). CONCLUSION: Cold and music therapy can be used by nursing staff in clinical practice as a combined approach to provide effective pain control following chest tube removal.
Authors: Mohamad I Jarrah; Issa M Hweidi; Sirin A Al-Dolat; Hossam N Alhawatmeh; Salwa M Al-Obeisat; Lama I Hweidi; Aysam I Hweidi; Osama A Alkouri Journal: Int J Nurs Sci Date: 2022-03-15