[Successful Treatment of Peritoneal Dissemination Recurrence with Axitinib in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma : A Case Report].

We report a case of successful treatment of recurrence of peritoneal dissemination with axitinib. A 55-year-old man presented at our hospital with the chief complaint of remarkable abdominal fullness 18 months after right radical nephrectomy, which had been performed at another hospital for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. The pathological diagnosis was papillary renal cell carcinoma type 1, pT3aN0M0. A large amount of ascites was detected by computed tomography, and recurrence of peritoneal dissemination was diagnosed (ascites cytology : class V). Sunitinib was started as a first-line treatment, but 1 month later, this was discontinued because of an adverse event (hyponatremia) and a lack of efficacy. As a second line therapy, axitinib 10 mg/day p. o. was administered. The ascites markedly decreased, and the disease status has remained stable after 18 months of treatment. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of axitinib in treating peritoneal dissemination.