Jens S Olesen1,2, Sanne Jespersen1,2, Zacarias J da Silva1,3, Amabélia Rodrigues1, Christian Erikstrup4, Peter Aaby1,5, Christian Wejse1,2,6, Bo L Hønge1,2,4. 1. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado, Bissau Codex, Guinea-Bissau. 2. Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark. 3. National Public Health Laboratory, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. 4. Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N. 5. Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Bandim Health Project, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej, Copenhagen S. 6. GloHAU, Center for Global Health, Aarhus University Hospital, School of Public Health, Aarhus, Denmark.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Although Guinea-Bissau has the world's highest prevalence of HIV-2, it has been decreasing since 1987. Meanwhile, the prevalence of HIV-1 has been increasing. We describe both the prevalence and changes in incidence of HIV-2 and HIV-1 during the last 30 years of observation in the capital Bissau in Guinea-Bissau. METHODS: A total of 3125 adults living in 412 houses in Bissau were eligible for inclusion in the present cross-sectional survey conducted from November 2014 to February 2016. All participants had a questionnaire filled out and a blood sample taken. Results were compared with previous surveys. RESULTS: Of the 3125 eligible adults, 2601 (83.2%) individuals participated. The overall prevalence of HIV decreased from 8.6% (218/2548) in 2006 to 6.7% (173/2601) in 2016 with an age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) of 0.71 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-0.85]. Including HIV-1/2 dual infections, a decrease in the overall prevalence of HIV-2 from 4.4% (112/2548) to 2.8% (72/2601) was observed with an aPR of 0.55 (95% CI = 0.41-0.73). The overall prevalence of HIV-1 decreased from 4.6% (118/2548) to 4% (104/2601) with an aPR of 0.81 (95% CI = 0.63-1.05). Incidence rates for HIV-2 and HIV-1, estimated for 815 individuals, decreased from 0.24 to 0.09 and from 0.50 to 0.40 per 100 person-years of observation, respectively, in the periods between 1996-2006 and 2006-2016. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HIV-2 continues to decrease, whereas the prevalence of HIV-1 showed sign of stabilization. The results observed may be explained by a lower pathogenicity of HIV-2 and changes in risk behavior.
OBJECTIVE: Although Guinea-Bissau has the world's highest prevalence of HIV-2, it has been decreasing since 1987. Meanwhile, the prevalence of HIV-1 has been increasing. We describe both the prevalence and changes in incidence of HIV-2 and HIV-1 during the last 30 years of observation in the capital Bissau in Guinea-Bissau. METHODS: A total of 3125 adults living in 412 houses in Bissau were eligible for inclusion in the present cross-sectional survey conducted from November 2014 to February 2016. All participants had a questionnaire filled out and a blood sample taken. Results were compared with previous surveys. RESULTS: Of the 3125 eligible adults, 2601 (83.2%) individuals participated. The overall prevalence of HIV decreased from 8.6% (218/2548) in 2006 to 6.7% (173/2601) in 2016 with an age-adjusted and sex-adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) of 0.71 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-0.85]. Including HIV-1/2 dual infections, a decrease in the overall prevalence of HIV-2 from 4.4% (112/2548) to 2.8% (72/2601) was observed with an aPR of 0.55 (95% CI = 0.41-0.73). The overall prevalence of HIV-1 decreased from 4.6% (118/2548) to 4% (104/2601) with an aPR of 0.81 (95% CI = 0.63-1.05). Incidence rates for HIV-2 and HIV-1, estimated for 815 individuals, decreased from 0.24 to 0.09 and from 0.50 to 0.40 per 100 person-years of observation, respectively, in the periods between 1996-2006 and 2006-2016. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HIV-2 continues to decrease, whereas the prevalence of HIV-1 showed sign of stabilization. The results observed may be explained by a lower pathogenicity of HIV-2 and changes in risk behavior.
Authors: Thomas Engell-Sørensen; Andreas Rieckmann; Candida Medina; David da Silva Té; Amabelia Rodrigues; Ane Bærent Fisker; Peter Aaby; Christian Erikstrup; Sanne Jespersen; Christian Wejse; Bo Langhoff Hønge Journal: Infection Date: 2021-02-02 Impact factor: 3.553
Authors: Jasmine M Olvany; Lindsay N Sausville; Marquitta J White; Alessandra Tacconelli; Gloria Tavera; Rafal S Sobota; Cinzia Ciccacci; Anders S Bohlbro; Christian Wejse; Scott M Williams; Giorgio Sirugo Journal: Infect Genet Evol Date: 2020-09-22 Impact factor: 3.342
Authors: K B Beck; B L Hønge; J S Olesen; M S Petersen; S Jespersen; C Wejse; Z J da Silva; C Medina; D D S Té; B K Moeller; C S Benn; P Aaby; C Erikstrup Journal: PLoS One Date: 2018-11-15 Impact factor: 3.240
Authors: Joakim Esbjörnsson; Marianne Jansson; Sanne Jespersen; Fredrik Månsson; Bo L Hønge; Jacob Lindman; Candida Medina; Zacarias J da Silva; Hans Norrgren; Patrik Medstrand; Sarah L Rowland-Jones; Christian Wejse Journal: AIDS Res Ther Date: 2019-09-05 Impact factor: 2.250
Authors: Andreas Rieckmann; Marie Villumsen; Bo Langhoff Hønge; Signe Sørup; Amabelia Rodrigues; Zacarias Jose da Silva; Hilton Whittle; Christine Benn; Peter Aaby Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2019-10-30 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: S Jespersen; F Månsson; J Lindman; C Wejse; C Medina; Z J da Silva; DdS Te; P Medstrand; J Esbjörnsson; B L Hønge Journal: AIDS Res Ther Date: 2020-02-04 Impact factor: 2.250