STUDY OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relation between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the antibody response to plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine. DESIGN: Open-label longitudinal cohort study; blinded laboratory studies. SETTING: University-affiliated municipal hospital. PATIENTS: Homosexually active men with negative assays for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antigen, and antibody to HBsAg; recruited in a sexually transmitted disease clinic or referred from community practitioners. INTERVENTIONS: Immunization with 20 micrograms of plasma-derived hepatitis B virus vaccine intramuscularly, repeated after 1 and 6 months; standardized evaluation at entry and at 1, 2, 6, and 7 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Low antibody response or nonresponse to vaccination occurred in 7 of 16 HIV-seropositive patients, compared with 6 of 68 HIV-seronegative patients (P = 0.002). Median levels of antibody to HBsAg 7 months after the first vaccine dose were 205.3 sample ratio units for HIV-seronegative patients and 15.5 sample ratio units for HIV-seropositive patients. By multivariate analysis, vaccine response was associated with HIV antibody status and not with cytomegalovirus infection, lymphocyte subset results, or impaired cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Infection with HIV is associated with suboptimal antibody response to plasma-derived hepatitis B virus vaccine. Determination of antibody levels after vaccination in HIV-seropositive patients may be warranted.
STUDY OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relation between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the antibody response to plasma-derived hepatitis B vaccine. DESIGN: Open-label longitudinal cohort study; blinded laboratory studies. SETTING: University-affiliated municipal hospital. PATIENTS: Homosexually active men with negative assays for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), hepatitis B core antigen, and antibody to HBsAg; recruited in a sexually transmitted disease clinic or referred from community practitioners. INTERVENTIONS: Immunization with 20 micrograms of plasma-derived hepatitis B virus vaccine intramuscularly, repeated after 1 and 6 months; standardized evaluation at entry and at 1, 2, 6, and 7 months. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Low antibody response or nonresponse to vaccination occurred in 7 of 16 HIV-seropositivepatients, compared with 6 of 68 HIV-seronegative patients (P = 0.002). Median levels of antibody to HBsAg 7 months after the first vaccine dose were 205.3 sample ratio units for HIV-seronegative patients and 15.5 sample ratio units for HIV-seropositivepatients. By multivariate analysis, vaccine response was associated with HIV antibody status and not with cytomegalovirus infection, lymphocyte subset results, or impaired cutaneous delayed hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Infection with HIV is associated with suboptimal antibody response to plasma-derived hepatitis B virus vaccine. Determination of antibody levels after vaccination in HIV-seropositivepatients may be warranted.
Authors: Javier R Lama; Hellen S Agurto; Juan V Guanira; Carmela Ganoza; Martin Casapia; Nora Ojeda; Abner Ortiz; Victoria Zamalloa; Luis Suarez-Ognio; Cesar Cabezas; Jose L Sanchez; Jorge Sanchez Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2010-07 Impact factor: 2.345