Kelly Gassie1, Olindi Wijesekera1, Kaisorn L Chaichana2. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA. 2. Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA - Chaichana.Kaisorn@mayo.edu.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Deep-seated, subcortical tumors represent a surgical challenge. The traditional approach to these lesions involve large craniotomies, fixed retractor systems, and extensive white matter dissection, each with their own associated morbidity. We describe our experience with the use of tubular retractors for accessing these deep-seated lesions. METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients operated on for an intra-axial brain tumor (both biopsies and resection) from January 2016 to December 2017 by a single surgeon using tubular retractors with exoscopic visualization were prospectively identified and included in this consecutive case series. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients (70%) underwent surgical resection and 15 (30%) underwent excisional biopsy for tumors located a median (interquartile range [IQR]) distance of 5.4 (4.5-6.1) cm below the cortical surface within the thalamus and/or basal ganglia in 12 (24%), centrum semiovale in 17 (34%), cerebellar in 8 (16%), peri-Rolandic in 6 (12%), visual tracts in 5 (10%), and intraventricular in 2 (4%). The median IQR percent resection was 100 (95-100)% and all patients had diagnostic tissue. Pathology was high grade glioma in 30 (60%), metastatic in 14 (28%), and cavernoma in 2 (4%). The postoperative median IQR KPS was 80 (80-90), where 18 (36%) had improved, 29 (58%) stable, and 3 (6%) worsened KPS as compared to preoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The tubular retractor is a useful tool in the armamentarium of brain tumor surgery, and the exoscope provides an ergonomic means of visualizing the surgical field. It is meant to be used as a tool to access and resect deep-seated lesions while preserving and displacing superficial white matter tracts and cortical regions, provide a protected corridor to minimize inadvertent tissue injury during the resection, and circumferential tissue retraction to minimize risk of ischemia and damage to white matter tracts. As with any procedure, there is a learning curve with this surgical adjunct.
BACKGROUND: Deep-seated, subcortical tumors represent a surgical challenge. The traditional approach to these lesions involve large craniotomies, fixed retractor systems, and extensive white matter dissection, each with their own associated morbidity. We describe our experience with the use of tubular retractors for accessing these deep-seated lesions. METHODS: Fifty consecutive patients operated on for an intra-axial brain tumor (both biopsies and resection) from January 2016 to December 2017 by a single surgeon using tubular retractors with exoscopic visualization were prospectively identified and included in this consecutive case series. RESULTS: Thirty-five patients (70%) underwent surgical resection and 15 (30%) underwent excisional biopsy for tumors located a median (interquartile range [IQR]) distance of 5.4 (4.5-6.1) cm below the cortical surface within the thalamus and/or basal ganglia in 12 (24%), centrum semiovale in 17 (34%), cerebellar in 8 (16%), peri-Rolandic in 6 (12%), visual tracts in 5 (10%), and intraventricular in 2 (4%). The median IQR percent resection was 100 (95-100)% and all patients had diagnostic tissue. Pathology was high grade glioma in 30 (60%), metastatic in 14 (28%), and cavernoma in 2 (4%). The postoperative median IQR KPS was 80 (80-90), where 18 (36%) had improved, 29 (58%) stable, and 3 (6%) worsened KPS as compared to preoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: The tubular retractor is a useful tool in the armamentarium of brain tumor surgery, and the exoscope provides an ergonomic means of visualizing the surgical field. It is meant to be used as a tool to access and resect deep-seated lesions while preserving and displacing superficial white matter tracts and cortical regions, provide a protected corridor to minimize inadvertent tissue injury during the resection, and circumferential tissue retraction to minimize risk of ischemia and damage to white matter tracts. As with any procedure, there is a learning curve with this surgical adjunct.
Authors: Daniel G Eichberg; Long Di; Ashish H Shah; Evan M Luther; Christina Jackson; Lina Marenco-Hillembrand; Kaisorn L Chaichana; Michael E Ivan; Robert M Starke; Ricardo J Komotar Journal: J Neurooncol Date: 2020-06-18 Impact factor: 4.130
Authors: Anna L Roethe; Philipp Landgraf; Torsten Schröder; Martin Misch; Peter Vajkoczy; Thomas Picht Journal: Acta Neurochir (Wien) Date: 2020-05-19 Impact factor: 2.216
Authors: Jun Chen; Toral R Patel; Marco C Pinho; Changho Choi; Crystal E Harrison; Jeannie D Baxter; Kelley Derner; Salvador Pena; Jeff Liticker; Jaffar Raza; Ronald G Hall; Galen D Reed; Chunyu Cai; Kimmo J Hatanpaa; James A Bankson; Robert M Bachoo; Craig R Malloy; Bruce E Mickey; Jae Mo Park Journal: Neurooncol Adv Date: 2021-06-28