R Bethune1, N Absher2, M Obiagwu3, T Qarmout4, M Steeves5, M Yaghoubi6, R Tikoo7, M Szafron8, C Dell9, M Farag10. 1. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: Rachel.bethune@usask.ca. 2. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: nafisa.absher@usask.ca. 3. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: miracle.obiagwu@usask.ca. 4. School of Public Administration and Development Economics, Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, Qatar. Electronic address: tamer.karmout@dohainstitute.edu.qa. 5. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: mes145@mail.usask.ca. 6. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: mohsen.yaghoubi@usask.ca. 7. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: tricha686@gmail.com. 8. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: michael.szafron@usask.ca. 9. College of Arts and Science, Department of Sociology, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: colleen.dell@usask.ca. 10. School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Canada. Electronic address: marwa.farag@usask.ca.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: In Canada, indigenous peoples suffer from a multitude of health disparities. To better understand these disparities, this study aims to examine the social determinants of self-reported health for indigenous peoples in Canada. STUDY DESIGN: This study uses data from Statistics Canada's Aboriginal Peoples Survey 2012. METHODS: Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine how selected social determinants of health are associated with self-reported health among off-reserve First Nations and Métis peoples in Canada. RESULTS: Our analysis shows that being older, female, and living in urban settings were significantly associated with negative ratings of self-reported health status among the indigenous respondents. Additionally, we found that higher income and levels of education were strongly and significantly associated with positive ratings of self-reported health status. Compared with indigenous peoples with an education level of grade 8 or lower, respondents with higher education were 10 times (5.35-22.48) more likely to report 'excellent' and 'very good' health. Respondents who earned more than $40,000 annually were three times (2.17-4.72) more likely to report 'excellent' and 'very good' health compared with those who earned less than $20,000 annually. When interacted with income, we also found that volunteering in the community is associated with better self-reported health. CONCLUSIONS: There are known protective determinants (income and education) and risk determinants (location of residence, gender, and age) which are associated with self-reported health status among off-reserve First Nations and Métis peoples. For indigenous-specific determinants, volunteering in the community appears to be associated with self-perceived health status. Thus, addressing these determinants will be necessary to achieve better health outcomes for indigenous peoples in Canada. Next steps include developing indigenous-specific social determinants of health indicators that adequately measure culture, connection, and community.
OBJECTIVE: In Canada, indigenous peoples suffer from a multitude of health disparities. To better understand these disparities, this study aims to examine the social determinants of self-reported health for indigenous peoples in Canada. STUDY DESIGN: This study uses data from Statistics Canada's Aboriginal Peoples Survey 2012. METHODS: Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine how selected social determinants of health are associated with self-reported health among off-reserve First Nations and Métis peoples in Canada. RESULTS: Our analysis shows that being older, female, and living in urban settings were significantly associated with negative ratings of self-reported health status among the indigenous respondents. Additionally, we found that higher income and levels of education were strongly and significantly associated with positive ratings of self-reported health status. Compared with indigenous peoples with an education level of grade 8 or lower, respondents with higher education were 10 times (5.35-22.48) more likely to report 'excellent' and 'very good' health. Respondents who earned more than $40,000 annually were three times (2.17-4.72) more likely to report 'excellent' and 'very good' health compared with those who earned less than $20,000 annually. When interacted with income, we also found that volunteering in the community is associated with better self-reported health. CONCLUSIONS: There are known protective determinants (income and education) and risk determinants (location of residence, gender, and age) which are associated with self-reported health status among off-reserve First Nations and Métis peoples. For indigenous-specific determinants, volunteering in the community appears to be associated with self-perceived health status. Thus, addressing these determinants will be necessary to achieve better health outcomes for indigenous peoples in Canada. Next steps include developing indigenous-specific social determinants of health indicators that adequately measure culture, connection, and community.
Authors: Fatima Ahmed; Eric N Liberda; Andrew Solomon; Roger Davey; Bernard Sutherland; Leonard J S Tsuji Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2022-06-15 Impact factor: 4.614
Authors: Manish D Paranjpe; Alfred C Chin; Ishan Paranjpe; Nicholas J Reid; Phan Q Duy; Jason K Wang; Ross O'Hagan; Artine Arzani; Arsalan Haghdel; Clarence C Lim; Vwaire Orhurhu; Ivan Urits; Anh L Ngo; Benjamin S Glicksberg; Kathryn T Hall; Darshan Mehta; Richard S Cooper; Girish N Nadkarni Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2020-11-04 Impact factor: 2.692