Michael J Silverberg1, Wendy A Leyden2, Amy Leibowitz2, C Bradley Hare3, Hannah J Jang4, Stacy Sterling2, Sheryl L Catz5, Sujaya Parthasarathy2, Michael A Horberg6, Derek D Satre7. 1. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States. Electronic address: Michael.J.Silverberg@kp.org. 2. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States. 3. Department of Adult and Family Medicine, Kaiser Permanente San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, United States. 4. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States; UCSF Medical Center Institute for Nursing Excellence, United States. 5. Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, United States. 6. Mid-Atlantic Permanente Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD, United States. 7. Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, United States; UCSF Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Limited primary care-based research has examined hazardous drinking risk factors and motivation to reduce use in persons with HIV (PWH). METHODS: We computed prevalence ratios (PR) for factors associated with recent (<30 days) hazardous alcohol use (i.e., 4+/5+ drinks in a single day for women/men), elevated Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores, and importance and confidence (1-10 Likert scales) to reduce drinking among PWH in primary care. RESULTS: Of 614 participants, 48% reported recent hazardous drinking and 12% reported high alcohol use severity (i.e., AUDIT zone 3 or higher). Factors associated with greater alcohol severity included moderate/severe anxiety (PR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.18, 3.63), tobacco use (PR: 1.79; 1.11, 2.88), and other substance use (PR: 1.72; 1.04, 2.83). Factors associated with lower alcohol severity included age 50-59 years (PR: 0.46; 0.22, 2.00) compared with age 20-39 years, and having some college/college degree (PR: 0.61; 0.38, 0.97) compared with ≤high school. Factors associated with greater importance to reduce drinking (scores >5) included: moderate/severe depression (PR: 1.43; 1.03, 2.00) and other substance use (PR: 1.49; 1.11, 2.01). Lower importance was associated with incomes above $50,000 (PR: 0.65; 0.46, 0.91) and marijuana use (PR: 0.65; 0.49, 0.87). HIV-specific factors (e.g., CD4 and HIV RNA levels) were not associated with alcohol outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified modifiable participant characteristics associated with alcohol outcomes in PWH, including anxiety and depression severity, tobacco use, and other substance use.
BACKGROUND: Limited primary care-based research has examined hazardous drinking risk factors and motivation to reduce use in persons with HIV (PWH). METHODS: We computed prevalence ratios (PR) for factors associated with recent (<30 days) hazardous alcohol use (i.e., 4+/5+ drinks in a single day for women/men), elevated Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) scores, and importance and confidence (1-10 Likert scales) to reduce drinking among PWH in primary care. RESULTS: Of 614 participants, 48% reported recent hazardous drinking and 12% reported high alcohol use severity (i.e., AUDIT zone 3 or higher). Factors associated with greater alcohol severity included moderate/severe anxiety (PR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.18, 3.63), tobacco use (PR: 1.79; 1.11, 2.88), and other substance use (PR: 1.72; 1.04, 2.83). Factors associated with lower alcohol severity included age 50-59 years (PR: 0.46; 0.22, 2.00) compared with age 20-39 years, and having some college/college degree (PR: 0.61; 0.38, 0.97) compared with ≤high school. Factors associated with greater importance to reduce drinking (scores >5) included: moderate/severe depression (PR: 1.43; 1.03, 2.00) and other substance use (PR: 1.49; 1.11, 2.01). Lower importance was associated with incomes above $50,000 (PR: 0.65; 0.46, 0.91) and marijuana use (PR: 0.65; 0.49, 0.87). HIV-specific factors (e.g., CD4 and HIV RNA levels) were not associated with alcohol outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified modifiable participant characteristics associated with alcohol outcomes in PWH, including anxiety and depression severity, tobacco use, and other substance use.
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