C Michael Gibson1, Tarek Nafee2, Megan K Yee2, Gerald Chi2, Serge Korjian2, Yazan Daaboul2, Fahad AlKhalfan2, Mathieu Kerneis2, Samuel Z Goldhaber3, Russel Hull4, Adrian F Hernandez5, Alexander T Cohen6, Robert A Harrington7. 1. PERFUSE Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Departments of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. Electronic address: mgibson@bidmc.harvard.edu. 2. PERFUSE Study Group, Cardiovascular Division, Departments of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 3. Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA. 4. Division of Cardiology, R.A.H Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. 5. Duke University and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC. 6. Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, London, United Kingdom. 7. Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Approximately 15%-30% of patients in trials of medical thromboprophylaxis will have missing compression ultrasound (CUS) data. The goal of the present analysis was to perform analyses to minimize missing data. METHODS: The APEX trial randomized 7,513 acutely medically ill hospitalized patients to thromboprophylaxis with either betrixaban for 35-42 days or enoxaparin for 6-14 days. A modified intent-to-treat (mITT) analysis was performed and included all subjects administered study drug, irrespective of CUS performance, and an analysis of symptomatic events which do not require performance of a CUS (symptomatic deep vein thrombosis, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, and venous thromboembolism (VTE)-related mortality). RESULTS: In the mITT population, betrixaban significantly reduced the primary end point (which included both symptomatic and CUS events) (165 [4.4%] vs 223 [6.0%]; relative risk = 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.91; P = .003; absolute risk reduction [ARR] = 1.6%; number needed to treat [NNT] = 63). Betrixaban also reduced symptomatic VTE through day 42 (35 [1.28%] vs 54 [1.88%], hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65; 95% CI 0.42-0.99; P = .044; ARR = 0.6%; NNT=167) as well as through day 77 (37 [1.02%] vs 67 [1.89%]; HR= 0.55; 95% CI 0.37-0.83; P = .003; ARR = 0.87%; NNT=115) as well as the individual end point of nonfatal pulmonary embolism (9 [0.25%] vs 20 [0.55%]; HR= 0.45; 95% CI 0.21-0.99; P = .041; ARR = 0.30%; NNT=334). On an "as-treated" basis, 80 mg of betrixaban reduced VTE-related mortality through day 77 (10 [0.34%] vs. 22 [0.79%]; HR=0.46; 95% CI 0.22-0.96; P = .035; ARR = 0.45%; NNT=223). CONCLUSION: In an mITT analysis of all patients administered study drug, extended-duration betrixaban reduced the primary end point as well as symptomatic events. In an as-treated analysis, 80 mg of betrixaban reduced VTE-related death.
RCT Entities:
BACKGROUND: Approximately 15%-30% of patients in trials of medical thromboprophylaxis will have missing compression ultrasound (CUS) data. The goal of the present analysis was to perform analyses to minimize missing data. METHODS: The APEX trial randomized 7,513 acutely medically ill hospitalized patients to thromboprophylaxis with either betrixaban for 35-42 days or enoxaparin for 6-14 days. A modified intent-to-treat (mITT) analysis was performed and included all subjects administered study drug, irrespective of CUS performance, and an analysis of symptomatic events which do not require performance of a CUS (symptomatic deep vein thrombosis, nonfatal pulmonary embolism, and venous thromboembolism (VTE)-related mortality). RESULTS: In the mITT population, betrixaban significantly reduced the primary end point (which included both symptomatic and CUS events) (165 [4.4%] vs 223 [6.0%]; relative risk = 0.75; 95% CI 0.61-0.91; P = .003; absolute risk reduction [ARR] = 1.6%; number needed to treat [NNT] = 63). Betrixaban also reduced symptomatic VTE through day 42 (35 [1.28%] vs 54 [1.88%], hazard ratio [HR] = 0.65; 95% CI 0.42-0.99; P = .044; ARR = 0.6%; NNT=167) as well as through day 77 (37 [1.02%] vs 67 [1.89%]; HR= 0.55; 95% CI 0.37-0.83; P = .003; ARR = 0.87%; NNT=115) as well as the individual end point of nonfatal pulmonary embolism (9 [0.25%] vs 20 [0.55%]; HR= 0.45; 95% CI 0.21-0.99; P = .041; ARR = 0.30%; NNT=334). On an "as-treated" basis, 80 mg of betrixaban reduced VTE-related mortality through day 77 (10 [0.34%] vs. 22 [0.79%]; HR=0.46; 95% CI 0.22-0.96; P = .035; ARR = 0.45%; NNT=223). CONCLUSION: In an mITT analysis of all patients administered study drug, extended-duration betrixaban reduced the primary end point as well as symptomatic events. In an as-treated analysis, 80 mg of betrixaban reduced VTE-related death.
Authors: Holly Guy; Vicki Laskier; Mark Fisher; W Richey Neuman; Iwona Bucior; Steven Deitelzweig; Alexander T Cohen Journal: Pharmacoeconomics Date: 2019-05 Impact factor: 4.981
Authors: Anne-Céline Martin; Wei Huang; Samuel Z Goldhaber; Russell D Hull; Adrian F Hernandez; Charles-Michael Gibson; Frederick A Anderson; Alexander T Cohen Journal: Clin Appl Thromb Hemost Date: 2019 Jan-Dec Impact factor: 2.389