Mohamed El-Sherbiny1, Mohamed Eldosoky2, Mohamed El-Shafey3, Gamal Othman4, Hany A Elkattawy5, Tamer Bedir6, Nehal Mohsen Elsherbiny7. 1. Anatomy Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Almaarefa College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 2. Medical Physiology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. 3. Anatomy Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. 4. Medical Biochemistry Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Almaarefa College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 5. Medical Physiology Department, Zagazig Obesity Management and Research Unit, Zagazig Faculty of Medicine, Egypt; Almaarefa College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. 6. Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Egypt. 7. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt. Electronic address: nelsherbiny@ut.edu.sa.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hyperlipidemia, obesity and type II diabetes. Due to increasing prevalence of these diseases globally, NAFLD is considered as a common form of chronic liver diseases. Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin with reported anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and immune modulating activity. Hypovitaminosis D often coexists with NAFLD and various studies reported beneficial role of vitamin D in modulating NAFLD. However, variable oral bioavailability, poor water solubility, and chemical degradation hinder the clinical application of vitamin D. PURPOSE: We evaluated the potential protective effect of Vitamin D nanoemulsion (developed by sonication and pH-Shifting of pea protein isolate and canola oil) compared to conventional vitamin D against liver injury in rats fed with high fat diet (HFD). METHODS: We analyzed liver function enzymes, lipid profile, lipid metabolism, levels and histopathology of inflammation and fibrosis in rat liver tissues. RESULTS: HFD fed rats exhibited deterioration of liver function, poor lipid profile, decreased fatty acid oxidation and up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix deposition. Vitamin D administration reduced elevated liver enzymes, improved lipid profile, enhanced fatty acid oxidation and attenuated liver inflammation and fibrosis. Interestingly, vitamin D nanoemulsion was superior to conventional vitamin D with remarkable hepatoprotective effect against HFD-induced liver injury. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated vitamin D nanoemulsion as a more efficient formulation with more prominent hepatoprotective effect against HFD-induced liver injury compared to conventional oral vitamin D.
BACKGROUND:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with hyperlipidemia, obesity and type II diabetes. Due to increasing prevalence of these diseases globally, NAFLD is considered as a common form of chronic liver diseases. Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin with reported anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and immune modulating activity. Hypovitaminosis D often coexists with NAFLD and various studies reported beneficial role of vitamin D in modulating NAFLD. However, variable oral bioavailability, poor water solubility, and chemical degradation hinder the clinical application of vitamin D. PURPOSE: We evaluated the potential protective effect of Vitamin D nanoemulsion (developed by sonication and pH-Shifting of pea protein isolate and canola oil) compared to conventional vitamin D against liver injury in rats fed with high fat diet (HFD). METHODS: We analyzed liver function enzymes, lipid profile, lipid metabolism, levels and histopathology of inflammation and fibrosis in rat liver tissues. RESULTS: HFD fed rats exhibited deterioration of liver function, poor lipid profile, decreased fatty acid oxidation and up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix deposition. Vitamin D administration reduced elevated liver enzymes, improved lipid profile, enhanced fatty acid oxidation and attenuated liver inflammation and fibrosis. Interestingly, vitamin D nanoemulsion was superior to conventional vitamin D with remarkable hepatoprotective effect against HFD-induced liver injury. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated vitamin D nanoemulsion as a more efficient formulation with more prominent hepatoprotective effect against HFD-induced liver injury compared to conventional oral vitamin D.
Authors: Aisha Rafique; Anders Etzerodt; Jonas H Graversen; Søren K Moestrup; Frederik Dagnæs-Hansen; Holger Jon Møller Journal: Int J Nanomedicine Date: 2019-04-23