Audun Brunes1, Marianne B Hansen1, Trond Heir1,2. 1. a Norwegian Centre for Violence and Traumatic Stress Studies , Oslo , Norway. 2. b Faculty of Medicine , Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo , Oslo , Norway.
Abstract
Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of post-traumatic stress reactions among individuals with visual impairment (VI). Materials and methods: Qualitative and quantitative studies were identified through searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Libraries. The literature search was limited to humans, of English and Scandinavian languages and publication year between 1980 and 2017. Study quality was assessed for all the included studies and extracted data were synthesized using narrative analysis. Results: Of 4235 records identified through literature search, eleven were included in the analyses. Results from the qualitative studies illustrated multiple physical, behavioral, emotional, and cognitive manifestations of trauma. Four out of five quantitative studies showed that various types of potentially traumatic events were significantly associated with mental health adversities (p < 0.05). The prevalence of post-traumatic mental disorders was 4-21.2% for depression, 0.9% for dysthymia, and 32% for substance misuse. The quality of the reviewed studies was considered low to moderate. Conclusion: Traumatic experiences appear to have a great impact on the mental health in people with visual impairment (VI) and these results highlight their need for mental health care. Future studies with higher methodological rigor are recommended. Implications for rehabilitation Visual impairment entails a greater susceptibility to some types of potentially traumatic events, especially threats in everyday life. This calls for a greater emphasis on safe community environments and universal design in public spaces. In rehabilitation after serious accidents or potentially traumatic events, professionals working with people with vision impairment should be aware of the different manifestations of post-traumatic stress responses and that some stress responses may cause additional disability. The high prevalence of traumatic events and their impact on mental health in individuals with visual impairments highlights a need of mental health care.
Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of post-traumatic stress reactions among individuals with visual impairment (VI). Materials and methods: Qualitative and quantitative studies were identified through searches in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Cochrane Libraries. The literature search was limited to humans, of English and Scandinavian languages and publication year between 1980 and 2017. Study quality was assessed for all the included studies and extracted data were synthesized using narrative analysis. Results: Of 4235 records identified through literature search, eleven were included in the analyses. Results from the qualitative studies illustrated multiple physical, behavioral, emotional, and cognitive manifestations of trauma. Four out of five quantitative studies showed that various types of potentially traumatic events were significantly associated with mental health adversities (p < 0.05). The prevalence of post-traumatic mental disorders was 4-21.2% for depression, 0.9% for dysthymia, and 32% for substance misuse. The quality of the reviewed studies was considered low to moderate. Conclusion:Traumatic experiences appear to have a great impact on the mental health in people with visual impairment (VI) and these results highlight their need for mental health care. Future studies with higher methodological rigor are recommended. Implications for rehabilitation Visual impairment entails a greater susceptibility to some types of potentially traumatic events, especially threats in everyday life. This calls for a greater emphasis on safe community environments and universal design in public spaces. In rehabilitation after serious accidents or potentially traumatic events, professionals working with people with vision impairment should be aware of the different manifestations of post-traumatic stress responses and that some stress responses may cause additional disability. The high prevalence of traumatic events and their impact on mental health in individuals with visual impairments highlights a need of mental health care.
Authors: Alida J van der Ham; Hilde P A van der Aa; Peter Verstraten; Ger H M B van Rens; Ruth M A van Nispen Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2021-02-04 Impact factor: 2.692
Authors: Alida J van der Ham; Hilde Pa van der Aa; Audun Brunes; Trond Heir; Ralph de Vries; Ger Hmb van Rens; Ruth Ma van Nispen Journal: Ophthalmic Physiol Opt Date: 2021-01-22 Impact factor: 3.117
Authors: Volkert Siersma; Rasmus Køster-Rasmussen; Christine Bruun; Niels de Fine Olivarius; Audun Brunes Journal: BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care Date: 2019-10-11