Antonio Paulo Nassar Junior1, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen2,3, Caroline Cabral Robinson4, Maicon Falavigna5, Cassiano Teixeira6, Regis Goulart Rosa6. 1. Department of Critical Care, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil. 2. Division of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil. 3. Intensive Care Unit, Hospital da Luz, São Paulo, Brazil. 4. Institute for Education and Research, Hospital Moinhos de Vento (HMV), Porto Alegre, Brazil. 5. Institute for Education and Research, HMV, Porto Alegre, Brazil. 6. Intensive Care Unit, HMV, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To synthesize data on outcomes related to patients, family members, and ICU professionals by comparing flexible versus restrictive visiting policies in ICUs. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science. STUDY SELECTION: Observational and randomized studies comparing flexible versus restrictive visiting policies in the ICU and evaluating at least one patient-, family member-, or ICU staff-related outcome. DATA EXTRACTION: Duplicate independent review and data abstraction. DATA SYNTHESIS: Of 16 studies identified for inclusion, seven were meta-analyzed. Most studies were rated as having a moderate risk of bias. Among patients, flexible visiting policies were associated with reduced frequency of delirium (odds ratio, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.69; I = 0%) and lower severity of anxiety symptoms (mean difference, -2.20; 95% CI, -3.80 to -0.61; I = 71%). Flexible visiting policies were not associated with increased risk of ICU mortality (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.38-1.36; I = 86%), ICU-acquired infections (odds ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.68-1.42; I = 11%), or longer ICU stay (mean difference, -0.26 d; 95% CI, -0.57 to 0.05; I = 54%). Among family members, flexible visiting policies were associated with greater satisfaction. Among ICU professionals, flexible visiting policies were associated with higher burnout levels. CONCLUSIONS: Flexible ICU visiting hours have the potential to reduce delirium and anxiety symptoms among patients and to improve family members' satisfaction. However, they may be associated with an increased risk of burnout among ICU professionals. These conclusions are based on few studies, with small samples and moderate risk of bias.
OBJECTIVES: To synthesize data on outcomes related to patients, family members, and ICU professionals by comparing flexible versus restrictive visiting policies in ICUs. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science. STUDY SELECTION: Observational and randomized studies comparing flexible versus restrictive visiting policies in the ICU and evaluating at least one patient-, family member-, or ICU staff-related outcome. DATA EXTRACTION: Duplicate independent review and data abstraction. DATA SYNTHESIS: Of 16 studies identified for inclusion, seven were meta-analyzed. Most studies were rated as having a moderate risk of bias. Among patients, flexible visiting policies were associated with reduced frequency of delirium (odds ratio, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.22-0.69; I = 0%) and lower severity of anxiety symptoms (mean difference, -2.20; 95% CI, -3.80 to -0.61; I = 71%). Flexible visiting policies were not associated with increased risk of ICU mortality (odds ratio, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.38-1.36; I = 86%), ICU-acquired infections (odds ratio, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.68-1.42; I = 11%), or longer ICU stay (mean difference, -0.26 d; 95% CI, -0.57 to 0.05; I = 54%). Among family members, flexible visiting policies were associated with greater satisfaction. Among ICU professionals, flexible visiting policies were associated with higher burnout levels. CONCLUSIONS: Flexible ICU visiting hours have the potential to reduce delirium and anxiety symptoms among patients and to improve family members' satisfaction. However, they may be associated with an increased risk of burnout among ICU professionals. These conclusions are based on few studies, with small samples and moderate risk of bias.
Authors: Samiha Mohsen; Stephana J Moss; Filipe Lucini; Karla D Krewulak; Henry T Stelfox; Daniel J Niven; Khara M Sauro; Kirsten M Fiest Journal: Crit Care Med Date: 2022-08-26 Impact factor: 9.296
Authors: Silvana Pinto Hartmann; Larissa Jorge F de Faria; Cassiano Teixeira; Cristiane Souza Dos Santos; Tiago Claro Maurer; Daiana Barbosa da Silva; Regis Goulart Rosa Journal: Rev Bras Ter Intensiva Date: 2019 Oct-Dec
Authors: Brenda T Pun; Michele C Balas; Mary Ann Barnes-Daly; Jennifer L Thompson; J Matthew Aldrich; Juliana Barr; Diane Byrum; Shannon S Carson; John W Devlin; Heidi J Engel; Cheryl L Esbrook; Ken D Hargett; Lori Harmon; Christina Hielsberg; James C Jackson; Tamra L Kelly; Vishakha Kumar; Lawson Millner; Alexandra Morse; Christiane S Perme; Patricia J Posa; Kathleen A Puntillo; William D Schweickert; Joanna L Stollings; Alai Tan; Lucy D'Agostino McGowan; E Wesley Ely Journal: Crit Care Med Date: 2019-01 Impact factor: 7.598