Aseef Ahmed1,2, C Stephen Foster3,4. 1. University of New England College of Osteopathic Medicine, Biddeford, Maine, USA. 2. Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institute, Waltham, Massachusetts, USA. 3. Massachusetts Eye Research and Surgery Institute, Waltham, Massachusetts, USAsfoster@mersi.com. 4. Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USAsfoster@mersi.com.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Vision-threatening ocular inflammation can be a devastating complication of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Here we performed a retrospective observational study to describe the safety and efficacy of treating scleritis and uveitis with either cyclophosphamide or rituximab in GPA. METHODS: A chart review of patients diagnosed with GPA-associated scleritis or uveitis, treated with either cyclophosphamide or rituximab as the final therapy at our clinic, was conducted. A total of 1 year of follow-up visits was required for inclusion in the study. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (19 eyes) suffering from GPA-associated scleritis and/or uveitis were identified. As the final therapy, rituximab was administered to 9 patients and cyclophosphamide to 4. Mean duration of follow-up was 55 months (range 16-23 months). Remission was observed in all patients. Three patients had a flare of scleritis after the completion of therapy, and they were restarted on their respective agents. One patient had a flare of retinal vasculitis during rituximab therapy. One patient on cyclophosphamide experienced transient leukopenia. No adverse side effects of rituximab were noted throughout the course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophosphamide and rituximab are safe and effective agents for controlling scleritis and uveitis associated with GPA, with eventual progression towards steroid-sparing remission.
PURPOSE: Vision-threatening ocular inflammation can be a devastating complication of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA). Here we performed a retrospective observational study to describe the safety and efficacy of treating scleritis and uveitis with either cyclophosphamide or rituximab in GPA. METHODS: A chart review of patients diagnosed with GPA-associated scleritis or uveitis, treated with either cyclophosphamide or rituximab as the final therapy at our clinic, was conducted. A total of 1 year of follow-up visits was required for inclusion in the study. RESULTS: Thirteen patients (19 eyes) suffering from GPA-associated scleritis and/or uveitis were identified. As the final therapy, rituximab was administered to 9patients and cyclophosphamide to 4. Mean duration of follow-up was 55 months (range 16-23 months). Remission was observed in all patients. Three patients had a flare of scleritis after the completion of therapy, and they were restarted on their respective agents. One patient had a flare of retinal vasculitis during rituximab therapy. One patient on cyclophosphamide experienced transient leukopenia. No adverse side effects of rituximab were noted throughout the course of treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Cyclophosphamide and rituximab are safe and effective agents for controlling scleritis and uveitis associated with GPA, with eventual progression towards steroid-sparing remission.