Determination of teicoplanin in human plasma and urine by affinity and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

A sensitive, highly selective and simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of teicoplanin, a novel glycopeptide antibiotic, composed of six components, in human plasma and urine is described. After an isolation step by affinity chromatography, the antibiotic substances were chromatographed on a Nucleosil C18 column with phosphate buffer-acetonitrile according to a gradient profile. All the components were detected by their UV absorption at 240 nm. The concentration of teicoplanin was determined by using the external standard procedure. This method was applied to the sum of the six major components as well as to each of them separately. The linearity of the method was checked between 0.5 and 50 micrograms/ml for plasma and between 2 and 50 micrograms/ml for urine. The limit of detection was 0.1 microgram/ml for both biological fluids. The coefficients of variation of the between-day assays did not exceed 8.6 and 8.9% in plasma and urine, respectively. The application of the method to a pharmacokinetic study of teicoplanin after a single intravenous therapeutic dose in a patient is reported. This rapid technique also appears to be suitable for drug monitoring.