Megan Johnson Shen1, Ryann Freeman2, Stephen Karpiak3,4, Mark Brennan-Ing4,5, Liz Seidel3, Eugenia L Siegler1. 1. a Department of Medicine , Weill Cornell Medicine , New York , New York , USA. 2. b Hennepin County Human Services and Public Health Department , Minneapolis , Minnesota, USA. 3. c ACRIA Center on HIV and Aging at GMHC , New York , New York , USA. 4. d New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing , New York , New York , USA. 5. e Brookdale Center for Healthy Aging, Hunter College , The City University of New York ; New York, New York , USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: The present study examined the intersectionality of stigma across varying groups of older persons living with HIV (PWH). METHODS: Four focus groups of older PWH (gay/bisexual men, heterosexual men, heterosexual and bisexualwomen, and Spanish-speaking) were audio-recorded and transcribed. Inductive thematic text analysis was used to identify qualitative themes. RESULTS: Five major themes emerged from the data: 1) disclosure of HIV status; 2) types of stigma experienced; 3) discrimination experienced; 4) other outcomes associated with experiencing stigma; and 5) influence of aging on social isolation experienced due to stigma. Findings indicate women did not suffer from the intersection of stigmas. Other groups suffered from the intersection of stigma due to HIV status and age (gay/bisexual males); HIV status and perceived stigma of sexual orientation or drug use (heterosexual males); and HIV status and culture/ethnicity (Spanish-speaking). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that many at-risk groups, including heterosexual men, homosexual men, and Spanish-speaking individuals, experience an intersection of stigma between aging and their sexuality, HIV status, or real or perceived drug use. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Results highlight the need for HIV support, especially social support, to address intersection of stigmas for unique groups of individuals disproportionately affected by HIV.
OBJECTIVES: The present study examined the intersectionality of stigma across varying groups of older persons living with HIV (PWH). METHODS: Four focus groups of older PWH (gay/bisexual men, heterosexual men, heterosexual and bisexualwomen, and Spanish-speaking) were audio-recorded and transcribed. Inductive thematic text analysis was used to identify qualitative themes. RESULTS: Five major themes emerged from the data: 1) disclosure of HIV status; 2) types of stigma experienced; 3) discrimination experienced; 4) other outcomes associated with experiencing stigma; and 5) influence of aging on social isolation experienced due to stigma. Findings indicate women did not suffer from the intersection of stigmas. Other groups suffered from the intersection of stigma due to HIV status and age (gay/bisexual males); HIV status and perceived stigma of sexual orientation or drug use (heterosexual males); and HIV status and culture/ethnicity (Spanish-speaking). CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate that many at-risk groups, including heterosexual men, homosexual men, and Spanish-speaking individuals, experience an intersection of stigma between aging and their sexuality, HIV status, or real or perceived drug use. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Results highlight the need for HIV support, especially social support, to address intersection of stigmas for unique groups of individuals disproportionately affected by HIV.
Entities:
Keywords:
Ageism; HIV stigma; discrimination; gay/bisexual; heterosexual male; loneliness; social isolation
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