Bilal Djeghout1, Senjuti Saha2,3, Mohammad Saiful Islam Sajib2,3, Arif Mohammad Tanmoy2,4, Maksuda Islam2,3, Gemma L Kay5, Gemma C Langridge5, Hubert P Endtz4,6, John Wain5, Samir K Saha3,2. 1. Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, V. le San Pietro 43/B, 07100 Sassari, Italy. 2. Child Health Research Foundation, Department of Microbiology, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 3. Bangladesh Institute of Child Health, Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. 4. Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. 5. Medical Microbiology Research Laboratory, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7UQ, UK. 6. Laboratoire des Pathogènes Émergents, Fondation Mérieux, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), INSERM U1111, Lyon, France.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Ceftriaxone is the drug of choice for typhoid fever and the emergence of resistant Salmonella Typhi raises major concerns for treatment. There are an increasing number of sporadic reports of ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi and limiting the risk of treatment failure in the patient and outbreaks in the community must be prioritized. This study describes the use of whole genome sequencing to guide outbreak identification and case management. METHODOLOGY: An isolate of ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi from the blood of a child taken in 2000 at the Popular Diagnostic Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh was subjected to whole genome sequencing, using an Illumina NextSeq 500 and analysis using Geneious software.Results/Key findings. Comparison with other ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi revealed an isolate from the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2015 as the closest relative but no evidence of an outbreak. A plasmid belonging to incompatibility group I1 (IncI1-ST31) which included blaCTX-M-15 (ceftriaxone resistance) associated with ISEcp-1 was identified. High similarity (90 %) was seen with pS115, an IncI1 plasmid from S. Enteritidis, and with pESBL-EA11, an incI1 plasmid from E. coli (99 %) showing that S. Typhi has access to ceftriaxone resistance through the acquisition of common plasmids. CONCLUSIONS: The transmission of ceftriaxone resistance from E. coli to S. Typhi is of concern because of clinical resistance to ceftriaxone, the main stay of typhoid treatment. Whole genome sequencing, albeit several years after the isolation, demonstrated the success of containment but clinical trials with alternative agents are urgently required.
PURPOSE:Ceftriaxone is the drug of choice for typhoid fever and the emergence of resistant Salmonella Typhi raises major concerns for treatment. There are an increasing number of sporadic reports of ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi and limiting the risk of treatment failure in the patient and outbreaks in the community must be prioritized. This study describes the use of whole genome sequencing to guide outbreak identification and case management. METHODOLOGY: An isolate of ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi from the blood of a child taken in 2000 at the Popular Diagnostic Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh was subjected to whole genome sequencing, using an Illumina NextSeq 500 and analysis using Geneious software.Results/Key findings. Comparison with other ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi revealed an isolate from the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2015 as the closest relative but no evidence of an outbreak. A plasmid belonging to incompatibility group I1 (IncI1-ST31) which included blaCTX-M-15 (ceftriaxone resistance) associated with ISEcp-1 was identified. High similarity (90 %) was seen with pS115, an IncI1 plasmid from S. Enteritidis, and with pESBL-EA11, an incI1 plasmid from E. coli (99 %) showing that S. Typhi has access to ceftriaxone resistance through the acquisition of common plasmids. CONCLUSIONS: The transmission of ceftriaxone resistance from E. coli to S. Typhi is of concern because of clinical resistance to ceftriaxone, the main stay of typhoid treatment. Whole genome sequencing, albeit several years after the isolation, demonstrated the success of containment but clinical trials with alternative agents are urgently required.
Authors: Arif M Tanmoy; Emilie Westeel; Katrien De Bruyne; Johan Goris; Alain Rajoharison; Mohammad S I Sajib; Alex van Belkum; Samir K Saha; Florence Komurian-Pradel; Hubert P Endtz Journal: mBio Date: 2018-11-13 Impact factor: 7.867
Authors: Nicholas Costa Barroso Lima; Arif M Tanmoy; Emilie Westeel; Luiz Gonzaga Paula de Almeida; Alain Rajoharison; Maksuda Islam; Hubert P Endtz; Samir K Saha; Ana Tereza Ribeiro de Vasconcelos; Florence Komurian-Pradel Journal: BMC Genomics Date: 2019-06-28 Impact factor: 3.969
Authors: Danielle J Ingle; Satheesh Nair; Hassan Hartman; Philip M Ashton; Zoe A Dyson; Martin Day; Joanne Freedman; Marie A Chattaway; Kathryn E Holt; Timothy J Dallman Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2019-09-12
Authors: Yogesh Hooda; Mohammad S I Sajib; Hafizur Rahman; Stephen P Luby; Joseph Bondy-Denomy; Mathuram Santosham; Jason R Andrews; Samir K Saha; Senjuti Saha Journal: PLoS Negl Trop Dis Date: 2019-11-15