Ram Haddas1, Kevin L Ju2, Theodore Belanger2, Isador H Lieberman3. 1. Texas Back Institute, 6020 W. Parker Road, Suite 200, Plano, TX, 75093, USA. rhaddas@texasback.com. 2. Texas Back Institute, Rockwall, TX, USA. 3. Texas Back Institute, 6020 W. Parker Road, Suite 200, Plano, TX, 75093, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Use gait analysis to establish and detail the clinically relevant components of normal human gait, analyze the gait characteristics for those afflicted with spinal pathology, and identify those aspects of human gait that correlate with pre- and postoperative patient function and outcomes. METHODS: Twenty patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS), 20 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), and 15 healthy volunteers performed over-ground gait trials with a comfortable self-selected speed using video cameras to measure patient motion, surface electromyography (EMG) to record muscle activity, and force plates to record ground reaction force (GRF). Gait distance and temporal parameters, ankle, knee, hip, pelvic, and trunk range of motion (ROM), duration of lower extremity EMG activity and peak vertical GRF were measured. RESULTS: Patients with ADS and CSM exhibited a significantly slower gait speed, decrease in step length, cadence, longer stride time, stance time, double support time, and an increase in step width compared to those in the control group. These patients also exhibited a significantly different ankle, knee, pelvic, and trunk ROM. Moreover, spinal disorder patients exhibited a significantly longer duration of rectus femoris, semitendinosus, tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscle activity along with an altered vertical GRF pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Gait analysis provides an objective measure of functional gait in healthy controls as well as those with ADS and CSM. This study established and detailed some of the important kinematic and kinetic variables of gait in patients with spinal disorders. We recommend that spine care providers use gait analysis as part of their clinical evaluation to provide an objective measure of function. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
PURPOSE: Use gait analysis to establish and detail the clinically relevant components of normal human gait, analyze the gait characteristics for those afflicted with spinal pathology, and identify those aspects of human gait that correlate with pre- and postoperative patient function and outcomes. METHODS: Twenty patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS), 20 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM), and 15 healthy volunteers performed over-ground gait trials with a comfortable self-selected speed using video cameras to measure patient motion, surface electromyography (EMG) to record muscle activity, and force plates to record ground reaction force (GRF). Gait distance and temporal parameters, ankle, knee, hip, pelvic, and trunk range of motion (ROM), duration of lower extremity EMG activity and peak vertical GRF were measured. RESULTS:Patients with ADS and CSM exhibited a significantly slower gait speed, decrease in step length, cadence, longer stride time, stance time, double support time, and an increase in step width compared to those in the control group. These patients also exhibited a significantly different ankle, knee, pelvic, and trunk ROM. Moreover, spinal disorderpatients exhibited a significantly longer duration of rectus femoris, semitendinosus, tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscle activity along with an altered vertical GRF pattern. CONCLUSIONS: Gait analysis provides an objective measure of functional gait in healthy controls as well as those with ADS and CSM. This study established and detailed some of the important kinematic and kinetic variables of gait in patients with spinal disorders. We recommend that spine care providers use gait analysis as part of their clinical evaluation to provide an objective measure of function. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
Authors: Ioannis D Siasios; Savvas L Spanos; Asimakis K Kanellopoulos; Aggeliki Fotiadou; John Pollina; Daniel Schneider; Alexander Becker; Vassilios G Dimopoulos; Kostas N Fountas Journal: World Neurosurg Date: 2017-02-09 Impact factor: 2.104
Authors: Jack R Engsberg; Keith H Bridwell; Joanne M Wagner; Mary L Uhrich; Kathy Blanke; Lawrence G Lenke Journal: Spine (Phila Pa 1976) Date: 2003-08-15 Impact factor: 3.468
Authors: Khaled M Emara; Ramy Ahmed Diab; Mohamed Amr; Shady Abdelghaffar Mahmoud; Mohamed Nour; Ahmed Abdelsalam; Mahmoud Ahmed Elshobaky; Mona Farhan; Mostafa Gemeah; Ahmed K Emara Journal: World J Orthop Date: 2021-09-18