Diego Garcia1, Alexandra Porras2, Alejadro Rico Mendoza3, Nelson Alvis4, Maria Cristina Navas5, Fernando De La Hoz6, Marlen De Neira7, Elkin Osorio1, José Fernando Valderrama1. 1. Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social, Colombia. 2. Grupo de epidemiología y evaluación en salud pública, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Colombia. Electronic address: porras.alexandra@gmail.com. 3. Grupo Salud Comunitaria, Universidad El Bosque, Colombia. 4. Grupo economía de la salud, Universidad de Cartagena, ALZAK Foundation, Colombia. 5. Grupo de Gastrohepatologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia. 6. Grupo de epidemiologia y evaluación en salud pública, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Colombia. 7. Instituto Nacional de Salud, Colombia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in the Colombian Amazon basin. In Colombia, the universal hepatitis B vaccination in that area has been active since 1993. The program targets children aged under five years. Newborns receive at least three doses, and in 2001, HBV vaccine birth dose was included. This study aimed to evaluate the advances on HBV control in the Colombian Amazon. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in children less than 11 years old in rural areas of the Colombian Amazon, in order to assess the current levels of HBV prevalence and evaluate the effectiveness of HBV vaccination. Participants were selected from villages scattered along the Amazon, Putumayo and Loretoyaco Rivers. Blood samples were taken from children. All the samples were examined for surface antigen (HBsAg) and IgG antibodies against core antigen (AntiHBc) of HBV. Data on HBV vaccination status and other risk factors were also collected. RESULTS: Blood samples from 1275 children were included in the study. The positivity for IgG AntiHBC and HBsAg was 3.8% and 0.5%, respectively. It was observed that receiving a dose of HBV vaccine within 48 h after birth decreased the risk of HBV infection and carriage by 95%. Being born to an AntiHBc positive mother increased 8 times the risk of HBV infection (OR = 7.8 CI 95% 3.3-10.2) and 7 times the risk of HBsAg carriage (OR = 6.6 CI 95% 2.1-10.1). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HBV infection and HBsAg carriage continues to decrease among children living in the Colombian Amazon. The high protective effectiveness of an HBV birth does suggest that perinatal transmission is important in endemic areas of Latin America, an aspect that has not been fully studied in the region.
BACKGROUND:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is highly endemic in the Colombian Amazon basin. In Colombia, the universal hepatitis B vaccination in that area has been active since 1993. The program targets children aged under five years. Newborns receive at least three doses, and in 2001, HBV vaccine birth dose was included. This study aimed to evaluate the advances on HBV control in the Colombian Amazon. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in children less than 11 years old in rural areas of the Colombian Amazon, in order to assess the current levels of HBV prevalence and evaluate the effectiveness of HBV vaccination. Participants were selected from villages scattered along the Amazon, Putumayo and Loretoyaco Rivers. Blood samples were taken from children. All the samples were examined for surface antigen (HBsAg) and IgG antibodies against core antigen (AntiHBc) of HBV. Data on HBV vaccination status and other risk factors were also collected. RESULTS: Blood samples from 1275 children were included in the study. The positivity for IgG AntiHBC and HBsAg was 3.8% and 0.5%, respectively. It was observed that receiving a dose of HBV vaccine within 48 h after birth decreased the risk of HBV infection and carriage by 95%. Being born to an AntiHBc positive mother increased 8 times the risk of HBV infection (OR = 7.8 CI 95% 3.3-10.2) and 7 times the risk of HBsAg carriage (OR = 6.6 CI 95% 2.1-10.1). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of HBV infection and HBsAg carriage continues to decrease among children living in the Colombian Amazon. The high protective effectiveness of an HBV birth does suggest that perinatal transmission is important in endemic areas of Latin America, an aspect that has not been fully studied in the region.
Authors: Lana Childs; Paul Adrien; Anna A Minta; Jeannot François; Nadia Phaïmyr Jn Charles; Valery Blot; Gloria Rey-Benito; Jodi L Vanden Eng; Rania A Tohme Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg Date: 2019-07 Impact factor: 2.345
Authors: Federico Alejandro Di Lello; Alfredo Pedro Martínez; Diego Martín Flichman Journal: World J Gastroenterol Date: 2022-08-21 Impact factor: 5.374