Pain Knowledge and Attitudes Among Nurses in Cancer Care in Norway.

The purpose of this study was to survey knowledge on, and attitudes to, pain and pain management among a cohort of Norwegian Nurses in cancer care, and to explore whether there is any association between various demographic variables and knowledge level. This is a web-based survey and nurses were recruited from the Forum for Cancer Nursing. Nurses completed the questionnaire "Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (NKAS)". Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to evaluate the association between knowledge and attitudes and demographic variables. Nurses from all over Norway answered. The majority were women and most had education above bachelor level. Mean NKAS total score was 31 points (75%). Significant associations were found between NKAS total score and pain management course (p = 0.01) and workplace (p = 0.04). Nurses in cancer care in Norway have relatively good pain knowledge. The potential for improvement is the greatest with regard to pharmacology and nurses' attitudes to how patients express pain. Our findings suggest that an extensive pain management course with patient histories may result in more theoretical knowledge being applied to the patients. In a time with large migration among nurses, our findings indicate that pain management courses should be aware of cultural differences in the educational training.