Nadine P G Paans1, Mariska Bot2, Ingeborg A Brouwer3, Marjolein Visser4, Miquel Roca5, Elisabeth Kohls6, Ed Watkins7, Brenda W J H Penninx2. 1. Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Electronic address: n.paans@ggzingeest.nl. 2. Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 3. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 4. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Internal Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. 5. Institut Universitari d' Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUNICS/IDISPA), Rediapp, University of Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemosssa km 7,5, Palma de Mallorca 07071, Spain. 6. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Leipzig, Medical Faculty, Leipzig, Germany. 7. Department of Psychology, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Depression, one of the most prevalent and disabling disorders in Europe, is thought to be associated with unhealthy eating styles. As prevalence of depression and eating styles potentially differ across Europe, the current study aimed to investigate in a large, European sample, the associations of history of major depressive disorder and depression severity with unhealthy eating styles. METHODS: Baseline data of the MooDFOOD prevention study was used. The current analysis included 990 participants of four European countries (The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain). Analyses of Covariance and linear regression analyses were performed with depression history or depression severity as determinants, and emotional, uncontrolled, and cognitive restrained eating (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised, 18 item) as outcomes. RESULTS: Depression history and severity were associated with more emotional and uncontrolled eating and with less cognitive restrained eating. Mood, somatic, and cognitive symptom clusters were also associated with more emotional and uncontrolled eating, and with less cognitive restrained eating. The somatic depressive symptoms "increased appetite" and "increased weight" were more strongly associated to unhealthy eating styles compared to other symptoms. No differences in associations between depression and unhealthy eating were found between European countries. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that depression is related to more unhealthy eating styles. Diminishing unhealthy eating styles in subthreshold depressed persons could potentially reduce adverse health consequences like weight gain, unhealthy dietary patterns and weight-related diseases. It is also possible that interventions that decrease depressive symptoms can lead to a decrease in unhealthy eating styles.
OBJECTIVE:Depression, one of the most prevalent and disabling disorders in Europe, is thought to be associated with unhealthy eating styles. As prevalence of depression and eating styles potentially differ across Europe, the current study aimed to investigate in a large, European sample, the associations of history of major depressive disorder and depression severity with unhealthy eating styles. METHODS: Baseline data of the MooDFOOD prevention study was used. The current analysis included 990 participants of four European countries (The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Germany, Spain). Analyses of Covariance and linear regression analyses were performed with depression history or depression severity as determinants, and emotional, uncontrolled, and cognitive restrained eating (Three Factor Eating Questionnaire Revised, 18 item) as outcomes. RESULTS:Depression history and severity were associated with more emotional and uncontrolled eating and with less cognitive restrained eating. Mood, somatic, and cognitive symptom clusters were also associated with more emotional and uncontrolled eating, and with less cognitive restrained eating. The somatic depressive symptoms "increased appetite" and "increased weight" were more strongly associated to unhealthy eating styles compared to other symptoms. No differences in associations between depression and unhealthy eating were found between European countries. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that depression is related to more unhealthy eating styles. Diminishing unhealthy eating styles in subthreshold depressed persons could potentially reduce adverse health consequences like weight gain, unhealthy dietary patterns and weight-related diseases. It is also possible that interventions that decrease depressive symptoms can lead to a decrease in unhealthy eating styles.
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Authors: M Ángeles Pérez-Ara; Margalida Gili; Marjolein Visser; Brenda W J H Penninx; Ingeborg A Brouwer; Ed Watkins; Matt Owens; Mauro García-Toro; Ulrich Hegerl; Elisabeth Kohls; Mariska Bot; Miquel Roca Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-10-20 Impact factor: 5.717