Design and Application of Hybrid Phosphorus Ligands for Enantioselective Rh-Catalyzed Anti-Markovnikov Hydroformylation of Unfunctionalized 1,1-Disubstituted Alkenes.

A series of novel hybrid phosphorus ligands were designed and applied to the Rh-catalyzed enantioselective anti-Markovnikov hydroformylation of unfunctionalized 1,1-disubstituted alkenes. By employing the new catalyst, linear aldehydes with β-chirality can be prepared with high yields and enantioselectivities under mild conditions. Furthermore, catalyst loading as low as 0.05 mol % furnished the desired product in good yield and undiminished selectivity, demonstrating the efficiency of this transformation in large-scale synthesis.