INTRODUCTION: Cripto-1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor-Cripto-1/FRL-1/Cryptic family. Besides being critical for early embryonic development, Cripto-1 is also associated with the development and behavior of several cancers. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the immunoexpression of Cripto-1 in normal salivary glands (NSGs), pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomas (CaExPAs) of salivary glands. METHODS: A total of 12 NSGs, 16 PAs and 12 CaExPAs underwent immunohistochemical study by the polymeric biotin-free technique. Immunopositive cells were evaluated semiquantitatively (scores 0-3). For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed and a significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was established. RESULTS: Most CaExPAs (n = 10) were strong positive (score 3) for Cripto-1, and only three cases of PAs and two specimens of NSGs exhibited some expression (score 1), being statistically significant these findings (p < 0.001). No difference between the expression of this protein in tumors of major and minor salivary glands was observed. Overexpression was found mainly in cases of CaExPAs with invasive growth (n = 8) when compared to those without capsular invasion (intracapsular pattern) (p = 0.036). Patients with or without lymph node metastasis showed no difference (p = 0.294). CONCLUSION: The results revealed a significantly higher expression of Cripto-1 in CaExPA compared to PA and NSG, suggesting this protein is possibly deregulated in PA malignant transformation. Furthermore, the increased expression of this protein is associated with a more aggressive behavior (invasive growth) in salivary gland tumors.
INTRODUCTION: Cripto-1 is a member of the epidermal growth factor-Cripto-1/FRL-1/Cryptic family. Besides being critical for early embryonic development, Cripto-1 is also associated with the development and behavior of several cancers. OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the immunoexpression of Cripto-1 in normal salivary glands (NSGs), pleomorphic adenomas (PAs), and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenomas (CaExPAs) of salivary glands. METHODS: A total of 12 NSGs, 16 PAs and 12 CaExPAs underwent immunohistochemical study by the polymeric biotin-free technique. Immunopositive cells were evaluated semiquantitatively (scores 0-3). For statistical analysis, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were performed and a significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was established. RESULTS: Most CaExPAs (n = 10) were strong positive (score 3) for Cripto-1, and only three cases of PAs and two specimens of NSGs exhibited some expression (score 1), being statistically significant these findings (p < 0.001). No difference between the expression of this protein in tumors of major and minor salivary glands was observed. Overexpression was found mainly in cases of CaExPAs with invasive growth (n = 8) when compared to those without capsular invasion (intracapsular pattern) (p = 0.036). Patients with or without lymph node metastasis showed no difference (p = 0.294). CONCLUSION: The results revealed a significantly higher expression of Cripto-1 in CaExPA compared to PA and NSG, suggesting this protein is possibly deregulated in PA malignant transformation. Furthermore, the increased expression of this protein is associated with a more aggressive behavior (invasive growth) in salivary gland tumors.
Authors: Leorik Pereira Silva; Thalita Santana; Bruno Tavares Sedassari; Suzana Machado de Sousa; Ana Paula Veras Sobral; Roseana de Almeida Freitas; Carlos Augusto Galvão Barboza; Lélia Batista de Souza Journal: Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol Date: 2017-05-18 Impact factor: 2.503
Authors: Nadia P Castro; Natalie D Fedorova-Abrams; Anand S Merchant; Maria Cristina Rangel; Tadahiro Nagaoka; Hideaki Karasawa; Malgorzata Klauzinska; Stephen M Hewitt; Kajal Biswas; Shyam K Sharan; David S Salomon Journal: Oncotarget Date: 2015-05-20
Authors: F Francescangeli; P Contavalli; M L De Angelis; M Baiocchi; G Gambara; A Pagliuca; A Fiorenzano; C Prezioso; A Boe; M Todaro; G Stassi; N P Castro; K Watanabe; D S Salomon; R De Maria; G Minchiotti; A Zeuner Journal: Cell Death Differ Date: 2015-03-20 Impact factor: 15.828
Authors: M A Ligtenberg; K Witt; F Galvez-Cancino; A Sette; A Lundqvist; A Lladser; R Kiessling Journal: Oncoimmunology Date: 2016-01-08 Impact factor: 8.110