Uptake of Ca2+ mediated by the (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase in reconstituted vesicles.

The (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase was purified from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum and reconstituted into sealed phospholipid vesicles by solution in cholate and deoxycholate followed by detergent removal on a column of Sephadex G-50. The level of Ca2+ accumulated by these vesicles, either in the presence or absence of phosphate within the vesicles, increased with increasing content of phosphatidylethanolamine in the phospholipid mixture used for the reconstitution. The levels of Ca2+ accumulated in the absence of phosphate were very low for vesicles reconstituted with egg yolk phosphatidylcholine alone at pH 7.4, but increased markedly with decreasing pH to 6.0. Uptake was also relatively low for vesicles reconstituted with dimyristoleoyl- or dinervonylphosphatidylcholine, and addition of cholesterol had little effect. The level of Ca2+ accumulated increased with increasing external K+ concentration, and was also increased by the ionophores FCCP and valinomycin. Vesicle sizes changed little with changing phosphatidylethanolamine content, and the sidedness of insertion of the ATPase was close to random at all phosphatidylethanolamine contents. It is suggested that the effect of phosphatidylethanolamine on the level of Ca2+ accumulation follows from an effect on the rate of Ca2+ efflux mediated by the ATPase.