Hybrid Imaging in the Catheter Laboratory: Real-time Fusion of Echocardiography and Fluoroscopy During Percutaneous Structural Heart Disease Interventions.

Percutaneous catheter-based techniques for the treatment of structural heart disease are becoming more complex, and current imaging techniques have limitations: while fluoroscopy gives poor visualisation of cardiac anatomical structures, echocardiography is limited in its ability to detect the position of catheters and devices. The EchoNavigator® (Philips) live image guidance tool is a novel system that integrates real-time echocardiography with fluoroscopic X-ray imaging, optimising the guidance and positioning of devices. Use of the EchoNavigator system facilitates improved understanding of anatomical structures while showing enhanced visualisation of catheter and device movements. Early clinical experience suggests that the technology is feasible and safe, and provides enhanced understanding of the relationship between soft tissue anatomy and catheter devices in structural heart disease. The use of the EchoNavigator system can improve the confidence of interventional cardiologists in the targeting and positioning of devices in percutaneous interventions in structural heart disease, and has the potential to reduce procedural time, reduce the dosage of contrast and radiation and increase safety in the performance of procedural steps.