Iris Bellinghausen1, Benno Weigmann2, Victor Zevallos3, Joachim Maxeiner4, Sonja Reißig5, Ari Waisman5, Detlef Schuppan3, Joachim Saloga6. 1. Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. Electronic address: iris.bellinghausen@unimedizin-mainz.de. 2. Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany. 3. Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Institute of Translational Immunology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany. 4. Asthma Core Facility, Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. 5. Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. 6. Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Research Center for Immunotherapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Amylase-trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) in wheat and related cereals are potent activators of myeloid innate immune cells via engagement of TLR4. Furthermore, ATIs have been shown to serve as adjuvants in experimental intestinal inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze whether ATIs are also modifiers of allergic inflammation. METHODS: Therefore, CD4+ T cells from donors sensitized to grass or birch pollen were stimulated with autologous allergen-pulsed dendritic cells in the presence or absence of ATIs or the control storage protein zein from corn. To analyze allergen-induced gut and lung inflammation, immunodeficient mice were engrafted with PBMCs from these allergic donors plus the respective allergen, and fed with selected diets. Three weeks later, inflammation was induced by rectal or intranasal allergen challenge and monitored by mini endoscopy or airway hyperreactivity, respectively. RESULTS: Allergen-specific T-cell proliferation and cytokine production was significantly exacerbated by ATIs and not by zein. In vivo, allergen-specific human IgE level was strongly elevated in sera of mice receiving an ATI-containing diet compared with mice that were fed gluten-free and thus ATI-free diet. Importantly, allergen-induced IgE-dependent colitis and airway hyperreactivity were also enhanced in ATI-fed mice. Gut inflammation was further increased in mice receiving an additional ATI injection and even detectable in the absence of the aeroallergen, whereas zein had no such effect. Injection of anti-human TLR4 mAbs or the anti-human IgE mAb omalizumab completely abolished ATI-induced allergic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: These results underline that wheat ATIs are important nutritional activators and adjuvants of allergy, which might be exploited for nutritional therapeutic strategies.
BACKGROUND: Amylase-trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) in wheat and related cereals are potent activators of myeloid innate immune cells via engagement of TLR4. Furthermore, ATIs have been shown to serve as adjuvants in experimental intestinal inflammatory diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze whether ATIs are also modifiers of allergic inflammation. METHODS: Therefore, CD4+ T cells from donors sensitized to grass or birch pollen were stimulated with autologous allergen-pulsed dendritic cells in the presence or absence of ATIs or the control storage protein zein from corn. To analyze allergen-induced gut and lung inflammation, immunodeficientmice were engrafted with PBMCs from these allergic donors plus the respective allergen, and fed with selected diets. Three weeks later, inflammation was induced by rectal or intranasal allergen challenge and monitored by mini endoscopy or airway hyperreactivity, respectively. RESULTS: Allergen-specific T-cell proliferation and cytokine production was significantly exacerbated by ATIs and not by zein. In vivo, allergen-specific humanIgE level was strongly elevated in sera of mice receiving an ATI-containing diet compared with mice that were fed gluten-free and thus ATI-free diet. Importantly, allergen-induced IgE-dependent colitis and airway hyperreactivity were also enhanced in ATI-fed mice. Gut inflammation was further increased in mice receiving an additional ATI injection and even detectable in the absence of the aeroallergen, whereas zein had no such effect. Injection of anti-humanTLR4 mAbs or the anti-humanIgE mAb omalizumab completely abolished ATI-induced allergic inflammation. CONCLUSIONS: These results underline that wheatATIs are important nutritional activators and adjuvants of allergy, which might be exploited for nutritional therapeutic strategies.
Authors: Antonio Carroccio; Pasquale Mansueto; Maurizio Soresi; Francesca Fayer; Diana Di Liberto; Erika Monguzzi; Marianna Lo Pizzo; Francesco La Blasca; Girolamo Geraci; Alice Pecoraro; Francesco Dieli; Detlef Schuppan Journal: Nutrients Date: 2020-04-17 Impact factor: 5.717
Authors: Kira Ziegler; Jan Neumann; Fobang Liu; Janine Fröhlich-Nowoisky; Christoph Cremer; Joachim Saloga; Kathrin Reinmuth-Selzle; Ulrich Pöschl; Detlef Schuppan; Iris Bellinghausen; Kurt Lucas Journal: Front Immunol Date: 2019-01-21 Impact factor: 7.561