B L Hønge1,2, S Jespersen1,3, C Medina4, D S Té4, Z J da Silva1,5, M Christiansen2, B Kjerulff2, A L Laursen3, C Wejse1,3,6, H Krarup7, C Erikstrup2. 1. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. 2. Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. 3. Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. 4. National HIV Programme, Ministry of Health, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. 5. National Public Health Laboratory, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. 6. GloHAU, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. 7. Section of Molecular Diagnostics, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Discrimination between HIV-1 and HIV-2 is important to ensure appropriate antiretroviral treatment (ART) and epidemiological surveillance. However, serological tests have shown frequent mistyping when applied in the field. We evaluated two confirmatory tests, INNO-LIA HIV I/II Score and ImmunoComb HIV 1/2 BiSpot, for HIV type discriminatory capacity. METHODS: Samples from 239 ART-naïve HIV-infected patients from the Bissau HIV Cohort in Guinea-Bissau were selected retrospectively based on the initial HIV typing performed in Bissau, ensuring a broad representation of HIV types. INNO-LIA results were interpreted by the newest software algorithm, and three independent observers read the ImmunoComb results. HIV-1/HIV-2 RNA and DNA were measured for confirmation. RESULTS: INNO-LIA results showed 123 HIV-1 positive samples, 69 HIV-2 positive and 47 HIV-1/2 dually reactive. There was agreement between INNO-LIA and HIV-1/HIV-2 RNA and DNA detection, although not all HIV-1/2 dually reactive samples could be confirmed by the nucleic acid results. Overall, the observers found that the ImmunoComb results differed from the INNO-LIA results, with agreements of 90.4, 91.2 and 92.5%, respectively, for HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/2. The combined kappa-score for agreement between the three observers was 0.955 (z-score 35.1; P < 0.01). Of the HIV-2 mono-reactive samples (INNO-LIA), the three observers interpreted 24.6-31.9% as HIV-1/2 dually infected by ImmunoComb. None of these samples had detectable HIV-1 RNA or DNA. CONCLUSIONS: There was accordance between INNO-LIA calls and nucleic acid results, whereas ImmunoComb overestimated the number of HIV-1/2 dually infected patients. Confirmatory typing is needed for patients diagnosed with HIV-1/2 dual infection by ImmunoComb.
OBJECTIVES: Discrimination between HIV-1 and HIV-2 is important to ensure appropriate antiretroviral treatment (ART) and epidemiological surveillance. However, serological tests have shown frequent mistyping when applied in the field. We evaluated two confirmatory tests, INNO-LIA HIV I/II Score and ImmunoComb HIV 1/2 BiSpot, for HIV type discriminatory capacity. METHODS: Samples from 239 ART-naïve HIV-infectedpatients from the Bissau HIV Cohort in Guinea-Bissau were selected retrospectively based on the initial HIV typing performed in Bissau, ensuring a broad representation of HIV types. INNO-LIA results were interpreted by the newest software algorithm, and three independent observers read the ImmunoComb results. HIV-1/HIV-2 RNA and DNA were measured for confirmation. RESULTS: INNO-LIA results showed 123 HIV-1 positive samples, 69 HIV-2 positive and 47 HIV-1/2 dually reactive. There was agreement between INNO-LIA and HIV-1/HIV-2 RNA and DNA detection, although not all HIV-1/2 dually reactive samples could be confirmed by the nucleic acid results. Overall, the observers found that the ImmunoComb results differed from the INNO-LIA results, with agreements of 90.4, 91.2 and 92.5%, respectively, for HIV-1, HIV-2 and HIV-1/2. The combined kappa-score for agreement between the three observers was 0.955 (z-score 35.1; P < 0.01). Of the HIV-2 mono-reactive samples (INNO-LIA), the three observers interpreted 24.6-31.9% as HIV-1/2 dually infected by ImmunoComb. None of these samples had detectable HIV-1 RNA or DNA. CONCLUSIONS: There was accordance between INNO-LIA calls and nucleic acid results, whereas ImmunoComb overestimated the number of HIV-1/2 dually infectedpatients. Confirmatory typing is needed for patients diagnosed with HIV-1/2 dual infection by ImmunoComb.
Authors: Robert A Smith; Vincent H Wu; Christopher G Zavala; Dana N Raugi; Selly Ba; Moussa Seydi; Geoffrey S Gottlieb Journal: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Date: 2018-09-24 Impact factor: 5.191
Authors: Joakim Esbjörnsson; Marianne Jansson; Sanne Jespersen; Fredrik Månsson; Bo L Hønge; Jacob Lindman; Candida Medina; Zacarias J da Silva; Hans Norrgren; Patrik Medstrand; Sarah L Rowland-Jones; Christian Wejse Journal: AIDS Res Ther Date: 2019-09-05 Impact factor: 2.250
Authors: S Jespersen; F Månsson; J Lindman; C Wejse; C Medina; Z J da Silva; DdS Te; P Medstrand; J Esbjörnsson; B L Hønge Journal: AIDS Res Ther Date: 2020-02-04 Impact factor: 2.250