The prevalence of second canals in the mesiobuccal root of maxillary molars: A cone beam computed tomography study.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of MB2 canals in permanent maxillary molars utilising CBCT; in patients attending a university hospital. A total of 200 patient scans, (100 female and 100 male patients), were enrolled in the study. In total, 800 teeth were analysed, and teeth with additional canals in their MB roots (MB2) were identified. First maxillary molar teeth exhibited the highest prevalence of MB2 canals, 92% and 87%, for teeth 16 and 26, respectively. Second maxillary molar teeth showed a lower prevalence of MB2 canals, 69% and 65%, for the 17 and 27, respectively. There were no associations of significance between the prevalence of MB2 canals and patient age or gender. Root morphology and anatomy of permanent maxillary first and second molar teeth was found to be highly variable. The prevalence of additional canals in the MB roots is a frequent finding which has previously been underreported.