Literature DB >> 29534614

Analytical evidence to show letters impregnated with novel psychoactive substances are a means of getting drugs to inmates within the UK prison service.

Loretta T Ford1, Jonathan D Berg1.   

Abstract

Introduction Novel psychotropic substances also known as legal highs are a major concern in UK prisons, fuelling violence and putting a strain on resources for inmates requiring medical treatment for adverse effects. We provide a clinical toxicology service including routine screening for novel psychoactive substances. In 2015, we were approached by Her Majesty Prison Service search dog training team to advise on which novel psychoactive substances to target, and again in 2016 to further provide analytical support to test five letters which the dogs positively identified for novel psychotropic substances during routine searches of prison mail rooms. Here we provide the first analytical confirmation that letters sent to inmates are being used to smuggle novel psychotropic substances into UK prisons. Results Novel psychotropic substances were detected on all five letters and these included the stimulants ethylphenidate, methiopropamine and methoxiphenidaine, the sedative etizolam and the third generation synthetic cannabinoids 5F-AKB-48, AB-FUBINACA, MDMB-CHMICA. Other compounds detected include the class A drug cocaine, class B drug methylphenidate and the cutting agents lignocaine, benzocaine and procaine. Conclusion Novel psychotropic substances smuggled into UK prisons is a major safety and security concern. By analytically confirming letters sent to inmates do contain novel psychotropic substances, we have produced categorical evidence to support anecdotal suggestions that novel psychotropic substances are entering UK prisons in this manner.

Entities:  

Keywords:  Her Majesty Prison Service; Novel psychoactive substances; UPLC-MS/TOF; legal highs; prison; time of flight

Mesh:

Substances:

Year:  2018        PMID: 29534614     DOI: 10.1177/0004563218767462

Source DB:  PubMed          Journal:  Ann Clin Biochem        ISSN: 0004-5632            Impact factor:   2.057


  10 in total

1.  Methiopropamine and its acute behavioral effects in mice: is there a gray zone in new psychoactive substances users?

Authors:  Fabio De-Giorgio; Sabrine Bilel; Micaela Tirri; Raffaella Arfè; Claudio Trapella; Cristian Camuto; Federica Foti; Paolo Frisoni; Margherita Neri; Francesco Botrè; Matteo Marti
Journal:  Int J Legal Med       Date:  2020-05-01       Impact factor: 2.686

Review 2.  Interpol review of controlled substances 2016-2019.

Authors:  Nicole S Jones; Jeffrey H Comparin
Journal:  Forensic Sci Int Synerg       Date:  2020-05-24

3.  Low-normal doses of methiopropamine induce aggressive behaviour in mice.

Authors:  Federica Foti; Sabrine Bilel; Fabio De-Giorgio; Matteo Marti; Micaela Tirri; Raffaella Arfè; Federica Boccuto; Tatiana Bernardi; Giovanni Serpelloni
Journal:  Psychopharmacology (Berl)       Date:  2021-03-26       Impact factor: 4.530

4.  Clinical withdrawal symptom profile of synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists and comparison of effects with high potency cannabis.

Authors:  Sam Craft; Jason A Ferris; Monica J Barratt; Larissa J Maier; Michael T Lynskey; Adam R Winstock; Tom P Freeman
Journal:  Psychopharmacology (Berl)       Date:  2021-09-17       Impact factor: 4.415

5.  A deadly trend in fentanyl fatalities (England, 1998-2017).

Authors:  Hugh Claridge; Bryn D Williams; Caroline S Copeland
Journal:  Br J Clin Pharmacol       Date:  2020-01-23       Impact factor: 4.335

6.  Synthetic Cannabinoid-Related Deaths in England, 2012-2019.

Authors:  Pruntha Yoganathan; Hugh Claridge; Lucy Chester; Amir Englund; Nicola J Kalk; Caroline S Copeland
Journal:  Cannabis Cannabinoid Res       Date:  2021-02-24

7.  United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime: Recommended methods for the Identification and Analysis of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists in Seized Materials.

Authors:  Justice N A Tettey; Conor Crean; Joao Rodrigues; Tiong Whei Angeline Yap; Jong Lee Wendy Lim; Hui Zhi Shirley Lee; Mei Ching
Journal:  Forensic Sci Int       Date:  2021-02-04       Impact factor: 2.395

Review 8.  New psychoactive substances: a review and updates.

Authors:  Abu Shafi; Alex J Berry; Harry Sumnall; David M Wood; Derek K Tracy
Journal:  Ther Adv Psychopharmacol       Date:  2020-12-17

Review 9.  NPS detection in prison: A systematic literature review of use, drug form, and analytical approaches.

Authors:  Giorgia Vaccaro; Anna Massariol; Amira Guirguis; Stewart B Kirton; Jacqueline L Stair
Journal:  Drug Test Anal       Date:  2022-04-20       Impact factor: 3.234

10.  Deaths from novel psychoactive substances in England, Wales and Northern Ireland: Evaluating the impact of the UK psychoactive substances act 2016.

Authors:  Adrian A Deen; Hugh Claridge; Richard D Treble; Hilary J Hamnett; Caroline S Copeland
Journal:  J Psychopharmacol       Date:  2021-06-29       Impact factor: 4.153

  10 in total

北京卡尤迪生物科技股份有限公司 © 2022-2023.