The long non-coding RNA NEAT1 contributes to extracellular matrix degradation in degenerative human nucleus pulposus cells.

Intervertebral disc degeneration is a complex disease involving genetic and environmental factors and multiple cellular processes. The role and expression of the lncRNA NEAT1 were assessed in intervertebral disc degeneration. NEAT1 expression was assessed in degenerative and control nucleus pulposus using RT-PCR. Western blotting and RT-PCR were also used to investigate p53 and p21 levels in nucleus pulposus tissues. NEAT1 function in degenerative nucleus pulposus cells was assessed with gain- and loss-of-function experiments. ERK/MAPK signaling was also examined. NEAT1, p53, and p21 were dramatically upregulated in intervertebral disc degeneration. Furthermore, catabolic MMP13 and ADAMTS5 were dysregulated and collagen II and aggrecan were downregulated after NEAT1 overexpression. This effect was reversed by transfection with si-NEAT1 in degenerative nucleus pulposus cells. In addition, NEAT1 was found to affect the activation of the ERK/MAPK pathway. The NEAT1-induced ECM degradation may involve ERK1/2/MAPK signaling. LncRNA NEAT1 may represent a novel molecular target for intervertebral disc degeneration treatment by preventing nucleus pulposus ECM degradation. Impact statement For the first time, our study demonstrates that lncRNA NEAT1 plays a role in the occurrence and development of IDD by participating in extracellular matrix remodeling. This lncRNA regulates catabolic MMP13 and ADAMTS5 and anabolic collagen II and aggrecan by affecting the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway in degenerative human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Our research provides a scientific basis for targeting of NEAT1 for the IDD.