Sunny Goel1, Abhishek Sharma2,3, Aakash Garg4. 1. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA. 2. Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA. abhisheksharma4mamc@gmail.com. 3. Institute of Cardiovascular Research and Technology, Brooklyn, NY, USA. abhisheksharma4mamc@gmail.com. 4. Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 69 Duke Street, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to discuss the effect of alcohol consumption on various cardiovascular (CV) diseases and CV mortality. RECENT FINDINGS: Alcohol intake has consistently shown a J- or U-shaped relationship with several cardiovascular diseases. Light to moderate alcohol intake has been associated with lower risk of coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF), as well as CV mortality. On the other hand, heavy consumption has been associated with deleterious CV outcomes including increased mortality. However, the evidence is based from observational and population-based studies where risk of confounding cannot be excluded even after meticulous methodological approaches. This is compounded by conflicting data such as higher risk of certain CV diseases like HF in former drinkers compared to abstainers. Further, Mendelian randomization studies using genetic polymorphisms in enzymes have recently questioned the beneficial association of low-moderate drinking with CV system. There has been substantial and consistent evidence that light to moderate alcohol consumption have beneficial effect on overall cardiovascular profile and mortality. However, there are considerable limitations in the reported literature to determine a strong causality of a protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption by itself. Further robust studies or possibly a well-structured randomized controlled could bring an end to this debate.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to discuss the effect of alcohol consumption on various cardiovascular (CV) diseases and CV mortality. RECENT FINDINGS:Alcohol intake has consistently shown a J- or U-shaped relationship with several cardiovascular diseases. Light to moderate alcohol intake has been associated with lower risk of coronary artery disease, heart failure (HF), as well as CV mortality. On the other hand, heavy consumption has been associated with deleterious CV outcomes including increased mortality. However, the evidence is based from observational and population-based studies where risk of confounding cannot be excluded even after meticulous methodological approaches. This is compounded by conflicting data such as higher risk of certain CV diseases like HF in former drinkers compared to abstainers. Further, Mendelian randomization studies using genetic polymorphisms in enzymes have recently questioned the beneficial association of low-moderate drinking with CV system. There has been substantial and consistent evidence that light to moderate alcohol consumption have beneficial effect on overall cardiovascular profile and mortality. However, there are considerable limitations in the reported literature to determine a strong causality of a protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption by itself. Further robust studies or possibly a well-structured randomized controlled could bring an end to this debate.
Authors: Rozemarijn Vliegenthart; Hok-Hay S Oei; Annette P M van den Elzen; Frank J A van Rooij; Albert Hofman; Matthijs Oudkerk; Jacqueline C M Witteman Journal: Arch Intern Med Date: 2004-11-22
Authors: Imre Janszky; Kenneth J Mukamal; Kristina Orth-Gomér; Anders Romelsjö; Karin Schenck-Gustafsson; Bertil Svane; Richard L Kirkeeide; Murray A Mittleman Journal: Atherosclerosis Date: 2004-10 Impact factor: 5.162
Authors: Kenneth J Mukamal; Katherine M Conigrave; Murray A Mittleman; Carlos A Camargo; Meir J Stampfer; Walter C Willett; Eric B Rimm Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2003-01-09 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: Jordan R Hoffmeister; Andrew J Cohoon; Kristen H Sorocco; Ashley Acheson; William R Lovallo Journal: Drug Alcohol Depend Date: 2019-09-11 Impact factor: 4.492
Authors: Violeta J Rodriguez; Antonio Chahine; Manasi S Parrish; Maria L Alcaide; Tae Kyoung Lee; Barry Hurwitz; Manisha Sawhney; Stephen M Weiss; Deborah L Jones; Mahendra Kumar Journal: AIDS Care Date: 2020-05-13
Authors: Corinde E Wiers; Luana Martins De Carvalho; Colin A Hodgkinson; Melanie Schwandt; Sung Won Kim; Nancy Diazgranados; Gene-Jack Wang; David Goldman; Nora D Volkow Journal: Addict Biol Date: 2019-11-12 Impact factor: 4.093
Authors: Carla B P Silva; Jefferson Elias-Oliveira; Cameron G McCarthy; Camilla F Wenceslau; Daniela Carlos; Rita C Tostes Journal: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Date: 2021-06-18 Impact factor: 5.125