Population movement, socio-economic behavior and the transmission of malaria in northern Thailand.

This paper examines the socioeconomic aspects of malaria transmission in northern Thailand. Preliminary field investigation suggests that high malaria incidence persists in two geographical setting: remote villages near upland forests; and border areas. This study has found that malaria transmission in these areas is associated with illegal activities that expose villagers to malaria vectors in the forest; or which bring large numbers of infected workers from Burma into the country. Some such activities relate directly to economic development projects in the area. Current control measures, stressing the use of mosquito nets, insect repellent, and residual insecticides designed primarily for the less mobile population of rice-farming communities are less effective among more mobile people. Control programmes should be targeted at these high risk groups in ways that are appropriate for their socioeconomic activities and that respond to their cultural and geographical backgrounds at least until alternative employment can be provided.