Knut Hagen1,2, Anders Nikolai Åsberg1, Lars Stovner1,2, Mattias Linde1,2, John-Anker Zwart3,4,5, Bendik Slagsvold Winsvold3,4, Ingrid Heuch5. 1. 1 Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. 2. 2 Norwegian Advisory Unit on Headaches, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. 3. 3 Department of Neurology and FORMI, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. 4. 4 Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. 5. 5 Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Abstract
AIMS: The aim of this population-based historical cohort study was to investigate the influence of lifestyle factors on the risk of developing migraine or tension-type headache (TTH). METHODS: Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study performed in 1995-1997 and 2006-2008 was used. A total of 15,276 participants without headache at baseline were included. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the associations between lifestyle factors and risk ratios (RRs) of migraine and TTH 11 years later. Precision of the estimates was assessed by 95% confidence interval (CIs). RESULTS: Increased risk of migraine (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.11-1.52) was found in smokers (past or current) compared to those who had never smoked. Hard physical exercise 1-2 hours per week reduced the risk of migraine (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.94) compared to inactivity, and the risk of migraine was also lower among those who consumed alcohol (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.57-0.94) compared to abstainers. No association was found between smoking, physical activity, alcohol use and risk of TTH. CONCLUSIONS: The main finding was that current and previous smoking was associated with increased risk of migraine, but not of TTH.
AIMS: The aim of this population-based historical cohort study was to investigate the influence of lifestyle factors on the risk of developing migraine or tension-type headache (TTH). METHODS: Data from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study performed in 1995-1997 and 2006-2008 was used. A total of 15,276 participants without headache at baseline were included. A Poisson regression was used to evaluate the associations between lifestyle factors and risk ratios (RRs) of migraine and TTH 11 years later. Precision of the estimates was assessed by 95% confidence interval (CIs). RESULTS: Increased risk of migraine (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.11-1.52) was found in smokers (past or current) compared to those who had never smoked. Hard physical exercise 1-2 hours per week reduced the risk of migraine (OR 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.94) compared to inactivity, and the risk of migraine was also lower among those who consumed alcohol (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.57-0.94) compared to abstainers. No association was found between smoking, physical activity, alcohol use and risk of TTH. CONCLUSIONS: The main finding was that current and previous smoking was associated with increased risk of migraine, but not of TTH.
Entities:
Keywords:
Migraine; epidemiology; follow-up; general population; lifestyle; tension-type headache
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