Jiayi Cai1,2, Chunyang Zhao3,4, Yajie Du1, Yaqiong Zhang1, Mingyi Zhao1, Qingchun Zhao1,2. 1. School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China. 2. Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang, China. 3. Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China. 4. College of Pharmaceutical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Probiotics are commonly used for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). However, the optimum regimen remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to compare and rank the relative efficacy and tolerability among all available probiotic agents for AAD through a network meta-analysis. METHODS: Eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane library and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy of probiotic therapy for AAD. A random-effects model was applied within a frequentist framework. Quality of evidence was performed by the GRADE approach. The project was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42016050776). RESULTS: Fifty-one articles (60 comparisons, 9569 participants), including 10 probiotic interventions, were identified. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) had the highest probability of being ranked best both in effectiveness (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28 (0.17, 0.47)) and tolerance (0.44 (0.23, 0.84)) on prevention of AAD. With regard to reducing Clostridium difficile infection rate, Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) was considered better efficacy (0.04 (0.00, 0.77)) and medium tolerance (0.56 (0.19, 1.66)). Strain combination reported no superiority over single strain in either efficacy or tolerability. CONCLUSIONS: LGG is probably the best option to consider when AAD is indicated. L. casei appears to be the most efficacious choice when associated with severe C. difficile-related cases.
BACKGROUND: Probiotics are commonly used for the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD). However, the optimum regimen remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this article is to compare and rank the relative efficacy and tolerability among all available probiotic agents for AAD through a network meta-analysis. METHODS: Eligible studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Medline, Cochrane library and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that examined the efficacy of probiotic therapy for AAD. A random-effects model was applied within a frequentist framework. Quality of evidence was performed by the GRADE approach. The project was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD 42016050776). RESULTS: Fifty-one articles (60 comparisons, 9569 participants), including 10 probiotic interventions, were identified. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) had the highest probability of being ranked best both in effectiveness (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28 (0.17, 0.47)) and tolerance (0.44 (0.23, 0.84)) on prevention of AAD. With regard to reducing Clostridium difficile infection rate, Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) was considered better efficacy (0.04 (0.00, 0.77)) and medium tolerance (0.56 (0.19, 1.66)). Strain combination reported no superiority over single strain in either efficacy or tolerability. CONCLUSIONS: LGG is probably the best option to consider when AAD is indicated. L. casei appears to be the most efficacious choice when associated with severe C. difficile-related cases.
Authors: Gordon Guyatt; Andrew D Oxman; Shahnaz Sultan; Jan Brozek; Paul Glasziou; Pablo Alonso-Coello; David Atkins; Regina Kunz; Victor Montori; Roman Jaeschke; David Rind; Philipp Dahm; Elie A Akl; Joerg Meerpohl; Gunn Vist; Elise Berliner; Susan Norris; Yngve Falck-Ytter; Holger J Schünemann Journal: J Clin Epidemiol Date: 2012-04-27 Impact factor: 6.437