[Fanconi-Bickel-Syndrom: a novel genetic disease in Original Braunvieh].

INTRODUCTION: This case report describes a new genetic disease of the Braunvieh breed in Switzerland. The bovine disorder also occurs in German Fleckvieh, and corresponds to human Fanconi-Bickel syndrome which is an inherited glycogen storage disease caused by mutations of the SLC2A2 gene encoding the glucose transporter GLUT2. This case report describes a single affected Original Braunvieh calf genotyped as homozygous for the FH2-associated SLC2A2 frame shift mutation. The clinical examination showed stunted growth, polyuria and polydipsia, as well as poor claw horn and coat quality. Necropsy revealed a pale cortex of the kidneys and a unilateral renal hypoplasia. Histology showed tubulonephrosis of the proximal tubules with protein- and glucose-rich contents. Glycogen accumulation was not evident in any organ. This finding is different from the reported lesions in two previously described GLUT2-deficient Fleckvieh heifers. In the presented case, growth retardation mainly seems to be associated with renal dysfunction. A direct gene test is available to eliminate the mutant allele from the population.