Lydia Gregg1,2, Diego San Millán1,3, Emanuele Orru'1, Rafael J Tamargo4, Philippe Gailloud1. 1. Division of Interventional Neuroradiology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. 2. Department of Art as Applied to Medicine, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland. 3. Neuroradiology Unit, Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Service, Hospital of Sion, Valais, Switzerland. 4. Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Before the development of the adult ophthalmic artery (OA), the primitive maxillary artery (MA), the primitive dorsal OA, and the primitive ventral OA contribute to the vascularization of early ocular structures, whereas the primitive olfactory artery (OlfA) forms in the vicinity of the optic vesicle. These vessels are involved in several OA origin variants. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the developmental history of the OA, emphasizing in particular the criteria used to define persistent primitive OAs. METHODS: Eight rare variants relevant to the discussion of aberrant OA origins are presented. RESULTS: Five abnormal anatomic configurations are described including (1) OAs branching from the cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) involving a persistent primitive MA, (2) OAs originating from the distal supraclinoid ICA involving persistent primitive ventral or dorsal OAs, (3) an OA originating from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) involving a persistent primitive OlfA, (4) a persistent primitive OlfA, and (5) infraoptic ACAs involving the persistent primitive MA, OlfA, and OA. CONCLUSION: Discrepancies regarding the identification of persistent primitive OAs appear to result from a misinterpretation of the literature. Notably, an OA arising from the cavernous segment of the ICA derives from a primitive MA, whereas an OA arising from the ACA represents the partial persistence of a primitive OlfA; neither corresponds to a persistent primitive OA. Two new observations of this latter variant, which is exceptional, are presented.
BACKGROUND: Before the development of the adult ophthalmic artery (OA), the primitive maxillary artery (MA), the primitive dorsal OA, and the primitive ventral OA contribute to the vascularization of early ocular structures, whereas the primitive olfactory artery (OlfA) forms in the vicinity of the optic vesicle. These vessels are involved in several OA origin variants. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the developmental history of the OA, emphasizing in particular the criteria used to define persistent primitive OAs. METHODS: Eight rare variants relevant to the discussion of aberrant OA origins are presented. RESULTS: Five abnormal anatomic configurations are described including (1) OAs branching from the cavernous internal carotid artery (ICA) involving a persistent primitive MA, (2) OAs originating from the distal supraclinoid ICA involving persistent primitive ventral or dorsal OAs, (3) an OA originating from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) involving a persistent primitive OlfA, (4) a persistent primitive OlfA, and (5) infraoptic ACAs involving the persistent primitive MA, OlfA, and OA. CONCLUSION: Discrepancies regarding the identification of persistent primitive OAs appear to result from a misinterpretation of the literature. Notably, an OA arising from the cavernous segment of the ICA derives from a primitive MA, whereas an OA arising from the ACA represents the partial persistence of a primitive OlfA; neither corresponds to a persistent primitive OA. Two new observations of this latter variant, which is exceptional, are presented.
Authors: Pervinder Bhogal; Cindy Richter; Stefan Schob; Muhammad AlMatter; Victoria Hellstern; Marta Aguilar Pérez; Hans Henkes Journal: Interv Neuroradiol Date: 2020-08-16 Impact factor: 1.610
Authors: M AlMatter; M Aguilar Pérez; V Hellstern; U Quäschling; O Ganslandt; H Henkes Journal: Interv Neuroradiol Date: 2019-08-12 Impact factor: 1.610