White matter structure in loneliness: preliminary findings from diffusion tensor imaging.

A pilot study was carried out to determine individual differences in perceived loneliness using diffusion tensor imaging. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first preliminary diffusion tensor imaging evidence that the ventral attention network, generally activated by attentional reorienting, was also related to loneliness. Image reconstruction results indicated significantly decreased fractional anisotropy of white matter fibers and that associated nodes of the ventral attention network are highly correlated with increased loneliness ratings. By providing evidence on the structural level, our findings suggested that attention-reorienting capabilities play an important role in shaping an individual's loneliness.