Reexpansion Pulmonary Edema in Pediatrics.

Reexpansion pulmonary edema is a rare complication that may occur after drainage of pneumothorax or pleural effusion. A number of factors have been identified that increase the risk of developing reexpansion pulmonary edema, and pathophysiologic mechanisms have been postulated. Patients may present with radiographic findings alone or may have signs or symptoms that prompt evaluation and diagnosis. Clinical presentations range from mild cough to respiratory failure and hemodynamic compromise. Treatment strategies are supportive, and should be tailored to match the severity of the condition.