Xin Gao1, Wenjing Zhang1, Li Yao1, Yuan Xiao1, Lu Liu1, Jieke Liu1, Siyi Li1, Bo Tao1, Chandan Shah1, Qiyong Gong1, John A Sweeney1, Su Lui1. 1. From the Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China (Gao, Lui); the Department of Radiology, the Centre for Medical Imaging, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China (Gao, Zhang, Yao, Xiao, Liu, Li, Tao, Shah, Gong, Lui); and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, Tex, USA (Sweeney).
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neuroimaging studies have shown both structural and functional abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. Recently, studies have begun to explore the association between structural and functional grey matter abnormalities. By conducting a meta-analysis on morphometric and functional imaging studies of grey matter alterations in drug-free patients, the present study aims to examine the degree of overlap between brain regions with anatomic and functional changes in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant publications. A multimodal analysis was then conducted using Seed-based d Mapping software. Exploratory analyses included jackknife, subgroup and meta-regression analyses. RESULTS: We included 15 structural MRI studies comprising 486 drug-free patients and 485 healthy controls, and 16 functional MRI studies comprising 403 drug-free patients and 428 controls in our meta-analysis. Drug-free patients were examined to reduce pharmacological effects on the imaging data. Multimodal analysis showed considerable overlap between anatomic and functional changes, mainly in frontotemporal regions, bilateral medial posterior cingulate/paracingulate gyrus, bilateral insula, basal ganglia and left cerebellum. There were also brain regions showing only anatomic changes in the right superior frontal gyrus, left supramarginal gyrus, right lingual gyrus and functional alternations involving the right angular gyrus. LIMITATIONS: The methodological aspects, patient characteristics and clinical variables of the included studies were heterogeneous, and we cannot exclude medication effects. CONCLUSION: The present study showed overlapping anatomic and functional brain abnormalities mainly in the default mode (DMN) and auditory networks (AN) in drug-free patients with schizophrenia. However, the pattern of changes differed in these networks. Decreased grey matter was associated with decreased activation within the DMN, whereas it was associated with increased activation within the AN. These discrete patterns suggest different pathophysiological changes impacting structural and functional associations within different neural networks in patients with schizophrenia.
BACKGROUND: Neuroimaging studies have shown both structural and functional abnormalities in patients with schizophrenia. Recently, studies have begun to explore the association between structural and functional grey matter abnormalities. By conducting a meta-analysis on morphometric and functional imaging studies of grey matter alterations in drug-free patients, the present study aims to examine the degree of overlap between brain regions with anatomic and functional changes in patients with schizophrenia. METHODS: We performed a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library to identify relevant publications. A multimodal analysis was then conducted using Seed-based d Mapping software. Exploratory analyses included jackknife, subgroup and meta-regression analyses. RESULTS: We included 15 structural MRI studies comprising 486 drug-free patients and 485 healthy controls, and 16 functional MRI studies comprising 403 drug-free patients and 428 controls in our meta-analysis. Drug-free patients were examined to reduce pharmacological effects on the imaging data. Multimodal analysis showed considerable overlap between anatomic and functional changes, mainly in frontotemporal regions, bilateral medial posterior cingulate/paracingulate gyrus, bilateral insula, basal ganglia and left cerebellum. There were also brain regions showing only anatomic changes in the right superior frontal gyrus, left supramarginal gyrus, right lingual gyrus and functional alternations involving the right angular gyrus. LIMITATIONS: The methodological aspects, patient characteristics and clinical variables of the included studies were heterogeneous, and we cannot exclude medication effects. CONCLUSION: The present study showed overlapping anatomic and functional brain abnormalities mainly in the default mode (DMN) and auditory networks (AN) in drug-free patients with schizophrenia. However, the pattern of changes differed in these networks. Decreased grey matter was associated with decreased activation within the DMN, whereas it was associated with increased activation within the AN. These discrete patterns suggest different pathophysiological changes impacting structural and functional associations within different neural networks in patients with schizophrenia.
Authors: C Shah; W Zhang; Y Xiao; L Yao; Y Zhao; X Gao; L Liu; J Liu; S Li; B Tao; Z Yan; Y Fu; Q Gong; S Lui Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2016-10-25 Impact factor: 7.723
Authors: Tyler A Lesh; Costin Tanase; Benjamin R Geib; Tara A Niendam; Jong H Yoon; Michael J Minzenberg; J Daniel Ragland; Marjorie Solomon; Cameron S Carter Journal: JAMA Psychiatry Date: 2015-03 Impact factor: 21.596
Authors: Hugh M Jones; Michael J Brammer; Mary O'Toole; Tess Taylor; Ruth I Ohlsen; Richard G Brown; Richard Purvis; Steven Williams; Lyn S Pilowsky Journal: Biol Psychiatry Date: 2004-12-15 Impact factor: 13.382
Authors: Alex Hofer; Elisabeth M Weiss; Stefan M Golaszewski; Christian M Siedentopf; Claudia Brinkhoff; Christian Kremser; Stephan Felber; W Wolfgang Fleischhacker Journal: Am J Psychiatry Date: 2003-10 Impact factor: 18.112
Authors: M Mehmet Haznedar; Monte S Buchsbaum; Erin A Hazlett; Lina Shihabuddin; Antonia New; Larry J Siever Journal: Schizophr Res Date: 2004-12-01 Impact factor: 4.939
Authors: Florian Schlagenhauf; Quentin J M Huys; Lorenz Deserno; Michael A Rapp; Anne Beck; Hans-Joachim Heinze; Ray Dolan; Andreas Heinz Journal: Neuroimage Date: 2013-11-27 Impact factor: 6.556
Authors: Sandra Vieira; Qiyong Gong; Cristina Scarpazza; Su Lui; Xiaoqi Huang; Benedicto Crespo-Facorro; Diana Tordesillas-Gutierrez; Víctor Ortiz-García de la Foz; Esther Setien-Suero; Floor Scheepers; Neeltje E M van Haren; René Kahn; Tiago Reis Marques; Simone Ciufolini; Marta Di Forti; Robin M Murray; Anthony David; Paola Dazzan; Philip McGuire; Andrea Mechelli Journal: Psychol Med Date: 2019-12-20 Impact factor: 10.592
Authors: Jun Zhou; Shirui Cheng; Han Yang; Lei Lan; Yijia Chen; Guixing Xu; Zihan Yin; Zhengjie Li; Mailan Liu Journal: Medicine (Baltimore) Date: 2020-06-12 Impact factor: 1.817