| Literature DB >> 29479113 |
Matthias David1, Katrin Alexandra Scherer1, Wolfgang Henrich2, Jürgen Breckenkamp3.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Does the incidence and/or indication(s) for emergency cesarean section differ if the pregnant woman has an immigrant background (IB)? Does a lack of language proficiency (communication problems) and a low acculturation level result in a longer decision-to-delivery interval (D-D interval)? Are neonates born to women with IB by emergency cesarean section in a poorer condition post delivery? PATIENT COHORTS ANDEntities:
Keywords: cesarean section; emergency cesarean section; immigrant women; perinatal outcome
Year: 2018 PMID: 29479113 PMCID: PMC5818273 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-100147
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd ISSN: 0016-5751 Impact factor: 2.915
Table 1 Basic sociodemographic and obstetric data (n = 111).
| Non-immigrant women (n = 50) | Immigrant women (n = 61) | |
|---|---|---|
| Relative frequencies | n (%) | |
emergency C-sections/all births | 50/3 331 (1.5%) | 61/3 767 (1.6%) |
secondary C-sections/all births | 802/3 331 (24.1%) | 687/3 767 (18.2%) |
emergency C-sections/all secondary C-sections | 50/802 (6.2%) | 61/687 (8.9%) |
| Age groups | n (%) | |
18 – 24 years | 10 (20.0%) | 12 (19.7%) |
25 – 29 years | 11 (22.0%) | 16 (26.2%) |
30 – 34 years | 13 (26.0%) | 14 (23.0%) |
35+ years | 16 (32.0%) | 19 (31.2%) |
| Level of formal education | n (%) | |
low | 3 (6.0%) | 15 (24.6%) |
medium | 21 (42.0%) | 27 (44.3%) |
high | 26 (52.0%) | 19 (31.2%) |
| Parity | n (%) | |
nullipara | 29 (58.0%) | 30 (49.2%) |
multipara | 21 (42.0%) | 31 (50.8%) |
| Week of gestation at delivery | ||
mean (SD) | 36.0 (5.5) | 36.9 (4.1) |
median (range) | 39.0 (24 – 41) | 38.0 (25 – 42) |
| 5-minute Apgar score | n (%) | |
≤ 7 | 17 (34.0%) | 20 (32.8%) |
| Umbilical cord arterial pH | n (%) | |
≤ 7.00 | 4 (8.0%) | 8 (13.1%) |
| Birth weight (g) | ||
mean (SD) | 2 694.3 (1 054.7) | 2 741.7 (885.3) |
median (range) | 3 040 (745 – 4 150) | 2 860 (770 – 5 010) |
| Self-assessed proficiency in German | n (%) | |
none/limited | 16 (26.2%) | |
medium to very good | 45 (73.8%) | |
|
Level of acculturation (Frankfurt Acculturation Scale, FRAKK
| n (%) | |
low (FRAKK median value ≤ 59) | 31 (50.8%) | |
high (FRAKK median value > 59) | 30 (49.2%) | |
Table 2 The five most common indications for emergency C-section (multiple answers possible) in the two investigated patient cohorts.
| All | Non-immigrant women | Immigrant women | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pathological CTG | 74 | 35 | 39 |
| Premature placental separation | 18 | 10 | 8 |
| Premature birth | 13 | 8 | 5 |
| Previous C-section/uterine surgery | 13 | 8 | 5 |
| Multiple pregnancy | 10 | 5 | 5 |
Table 3 Relative risk for a longer D-D interval as a function of proficiency in German and level of acculturation (results of Poisson regression models).
| Relative risk | 95% confidence interval | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Immigrant women (ref.: non-immigrant) | 1.17 | 0.89 – 1.54 | 0.2574 |
| 25 – 29 years (ref.: 18 – 24 years) | 1.08 | 0.86 – 1.36 | 0.5107 |
| 30 – 34 years (ref.: 18 – 24 years) | 1.44 | 1.06 – 1.96 | 0.0197 |
| 35+ years (ref.: 18 – 24 years) | 1.15 | 0.81 – 1.63 | 0.4436 |
| Proficiency in German, none – limited (ref: proficiency in German: medium – very good) | 0.66 | 0.48 – 0.90 | 0.0100 |
|
| |||
| Immigrant women (ref.: non-immigrant) | 1.16 | 0.91 – 1.48 | 0.2461 |
| 25 – 29 years (ref.: 18 – 24 years) | 1.03 | 0.81 – 1.31 | 0.7819 |
| 30 – 34 years (ref.: 18 – 24 years) | 1.41 | 1.02 – 1.93 | 0.0356 |
| 35+ years (ref.: 18 – 24 years) | 1.13 | 0.78 – 1.64 | 0.5271 |
| Acculturation low (ref.: acculturation high) | 0.86 | 0.58 – 1.26 | 0.4370 |
Tab. 1 Soziodemografische Basis- und geburtsmedizinische Daten (n = 111).
| Nichtmigrantinnen (n = 50) | Migrantinnen (n = 61) | |
|---|---|---|
| relative Häufigkeiten | n (%) | |
Notsectiones/alle Geburten | 50/3 331 (1,5%) | 61/3 767 (1,6%) |
sekundäre Sectiones/alle Geburten | 802/3 331 (24,1%) | 687/3 767 (18,2%) |
Notsectiones/alle sekundären Sectiones | 50/802 (6,2%) | 61/687 (8,9%) |
| Altersgruppen | n (%) | |
18 – 24 | 10 (20,0%) | 12 (19,7%) |
25 – 29 | 11 (22,0%) | 16 (26,2%) |
30 – 34 | 13 (26,0%) | 14 (23,0%) |
35+ | 16 (32,0%) | 19 (31,2%) |
| Schulbildung | n (%) | |
niedrig | 3 (6,0%) | 15 (24,6%) |
mittel | 21 (42,0%) | 27 (44,3%) |
hoch | 26 (52,0%) | 19 (31,2%) |
| Parität | n (%) | |
Nullipara | 29 (58,0%) | 30 (49,2%) |
Multipara | 21 (42,0%) | 31 (50,8%) |
| Schwangerschaftswoche bei Geburt | ||
Mittelwert (SD) | 36,0 (5,5) | 36,9 (4,1) |
Median (Spannweite) | 39,0 (24 – 41) | 38,0 (25 – 42) |
| 5-min-Apgar-Wert | n (%) | |
≤ 7 | 17 (34,0%) | 20 (32,8%) |
| arterieller Nabelschnur-pH-Wert | n (%) | |
≤ 7,00 | 4 (8,0%) | 8 (13,1%) |
| Geburtsgewicht (g) | ||
Mittelwert (SD) | 2 694,3 (1 054,7) | 2 741,7 (885,3) |
Median (Spannweite) | 3 040 (745 – 4 150) | 2 860 (770 – 5 010) |
| selbsteingeschätzte deutsche Sprachkenntnisse | n (%) | |
keine/gering | 16 (26,2%) | |
mittel bis sehr gut | 45 (73,8%) | |
|
Akkulturationsgrad (Frankfurter Akkulturationsskala, FRAKK
| n (%) | |
niedrig (FRAKK-Medianwert ≤ 59) | 31 (50,8%) | |
hoch (FRAKK-Medianwert > 59) | 30 (49,2%) | |
Tab. 2 Die 5 häufigsten Indikationen für eine Notsectio (Mehrfachnennung möglich) in den beiden Untersuchungskollektiven.
| alle | Nichtmigrantinnen | Migrantinnen | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pathologisches CTG | 74 | 35 | 39 |
| vorzeitige Plazentalösung | 18 | 10 | 8 |
| Frühgeburt | 13 | 8 | 5 |
| nach vorausgegangener Sectio/Uterusoperation | 13 | 8 | 5 |
| Mehrlingsschwangerschaft | 10 | 5 | 5 |
Tab. 3 Relatives Risiko für eine höhere E-E-Zeit in Abhängigkeit von Sprachkenntnissen und Akkulturationsgrad (Ergebnisse der Poisson-Regressionen).
| relatives Risiko | 95%-Konfidenzintervall | p-Wert | |
|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||
| Migrantinnen (Ref.: Nichtmigrantinnen) | 1,17 | 0,89 – 1,54 | 0,2574 |
| 25 – 29 Jahre (Ref.: 18 – 24 Jahre) | 1,08 | 0,86 – 1,36 | 0,5107 |
| 30 – 34 Jahre (Ref.: 18 – 24 Jahre) | 1,44 | 1,06 – 1,96 | 0,0197 |
| 35+ Jahre (Ref.: 18 – 24 Jahre) | 1,15 | 0,81 – 1,63 | 0,4436 |
| Sprachkenntnisse, keine, gering (Ref.: Sprachkenntnisse mittel – sehr gut) | 0,66 | 0,48 – 0,90 | 0,0100 |
|
| |||
| Migrantinnen (Ref.: Nichtmigrantinnen) | 1,16 | 0,91 – 1,48 | 0,2461 |
| 25 – 29 Jahre (Ref.: 18 – 24 Jahre) | 1,03 | 0,81 – 1,31 | 0,7819 |
| 30 – 34 Jahre (Ref.: 18 – 24 Jahre) | 1,41 | 1,02 – 1,93 | 0,0356 |
| 35+ Jahre (Ref.: 18 – 24 Jahre) | 1,13 | 0,78 – 1,64 | 0,5271 |
| Akkulturation niedrig (Ref.: Akkulturation hoch) | 0,86 | 0,58 – 1,26 | 0,4370 |